Dihydroxyacetone: An intermediate in the assimilation of methanol by yeasts?

Dijken, Johannes P. van; Harder, W.; Beardsmore, A.J.; Quayle, J. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02009.x

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Glycerol kinase (EC 2.7.1.30) was assayed using the discontinuous assay described by de Koning et al (1987b), glucose-6phosphate (G6P) dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), 6phospho-gluconate (6PG) dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44), transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2), transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) and NADPH-dependent xylose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) according to Bruinenberg er al. (1983), fructose-l,6-bisphosphate (FBP) aldolase (EC 4.1.2.13) according to van Dijken et al (1978), fructose-l,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase; EC 3.1.3.11) according to Attwood and van Dijken (1982) and 6-phosphofructokinase (6PFK; EC 2.7.1.11) as described by Sols and Salas (1966).…”

Section: Extract Preparation and Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic regulation in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Growth of dihydroxyacetone kinase/glycerol kinase‐negative mutants on mixtures of methanol and xylose in continuous cultures

Koning

Weusthuis

Harder

et al. 1990

Yeast

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The physiological responses of Hansenula polymorpha wild‐type and mutant strains 17B (dihydroxyacetone kinase‐negative) and 17BG51 (dihydroxyacetone kinase‐ and glycerol kinase‐negative) to growth on mixtures of xylose and methanol in chemostats were investigated. Increasing methanol concentrations (0–110 mM) in the feed of the wild‐type culture resulted in increasing cell densities and a gradual switch towards methanol metabolism. At the lower methanol feed concentrations the mutant cultures used methanol and xylose to completion and changes in enzyme patterns comparable to the wild type were observed. This was not reflected in significant changes in cell densities. Instead, formaldehyde assimilation resulted in dihydroxyacetone (DHA) production, which was proportional to the amount of methanol added. At intermediate methanol concentration the cultures showed a strong variation in DHA levels and cell densities. Further increased in the methanol feed concentrations resulted in a drop in DHA accumulation rates, repression of alcohol oxidase synthesis and accumulation of residual methanol. The phenomena were studied in more detail in transition experiments and with gradients of methanol. The results indicate that xylulose‐5‐phosphate (Xu5P) generated in xylose metabolism served as acceptor molecule for formaldehyde assimilation by the peroxisomal enzyme DHA synthase. Accumulation of DHA in the mutant cultures, however, further diminished the availability of carbon for growth. The data suggest that with increasing methanol concentrations Xu5P eventually became growth rate limiting. This resulted in an unstable situation but wash‐out of the culture did not occur to a significant extent. Instead, DHA accumulation ceased and cell densities, and enzymes specifically involved in xylose metabolism increase, indicating that the organism resumed its xylose metabolism. The molecular mechanisms controlling the partitioning of Xu5P over xylose (pentose phosphate pathway) and methanol (peroxisome) metabolism under these conditions remain to be elucidated.

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Section: Extract Preparation and Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic regulation in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Growth of dihydroxyacetone kinase/glycerol kinase‐negative mutants on mixtures of methanol and xylose in continuous cultures

Koning

Weusthuis

Harder

et al. 1990

Yeast

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“…Apparently H. polymorpha is the only known thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast with optimal growth temperature of 37 ‡C and maximal growth temperature up to 48 ‡C [28,29]. This species is able to ferment glucose to ethanol and possesses active enzymes of xylulose-5-phosphate metabolism, as methanol is assimilated in the so-called xylulose monophosphate cycle, a modi¢cation of the pentose phosphate pathway [23,30]. Regarding xylose assimilation, strains of H. polymorpha are designated as positive without or with lag period [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylose and cellobiose fermentation to ethanol by the thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast

Ryabova

Chmil

Sibirny

2003

FEMS Yeast Research

145

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Wild-type strains of the thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha are able to ferment glucose, cellobiose and xylose to ethanol. H. polymorpha most actively fermented sugars to ethanol at 37 ‡C, whereas the well-known xylose-fermenting yeast Pichia stipitis could not effectively ferment carbon substrates at this temperature. H. polymorpha even could ferment both glucose and xylose up to 45 ‡C. This species appeared to be more ethanol tolerant than P. stipitis but more susceptible than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A riboflavin-deficient mutant of H. polymorpha increased its ethanol productivity from glucose and xylose under suboptimal supply with riboflavin. Mutants of H. polymorpha defective in alcohol dehydrogenase activity produced lower amounts of ethanol from glucose, whereas levels of ethanol production from xylose were identical for the wild-type strain and the alcohol dehydrogenase-defective mutant. ß

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“…The C1 reaction product of the alcohol oxidase, formaldehyde, is subsequently either dissimilated to carbon dioxide via two cytosolic dehydrogenases (Fukui et al 1975;Tanaka et al 1976;Jenkins et al 1985) or assimilated by way of the xylulose monophosphate (XuMP) cycle (van Dijken et al 1978;Veenhuis et al 1983).…”

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Dihydroxyacetone synthase is localized in the peroxisomal matrix of methanol-grown Hansenula polymorpha

et al. 1985

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Dihydroxyacetone: An intermediate in the assimilation of methanol by yeasts?

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Metabolic regulation in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Growth of dihydroxyacetone kinase/glycerol kinase‐negative mutants on mixtures of methanol and xylose in continuous cultures

Metabolic regulation in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Growth of dihydroxyacetone kinase/glycerol kinase‐negative mutants on mixtures of methanol and xylose in continuous cultures

Xylose and cellobiose fermentation to ethanol by the thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast

Dihydroxyacetone synthase is localized in the peroxisomal matrix of methanol-grown Hansenula polymorpha

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