Dihydrostreptomycin or streptomycin in combination with penicillin G in dairy cattle therapeutics: A review and re-analysis of published data Part 2: Resistance and residues

Abstract

Combination formulations of penicillin G salts and dihydrostreptomycin were developed during the 1960s and are currently marketed in New Zealand for parenteral and intramammary use in dairy cattle. In this paper, the second part of a two paper series, the mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to each of these drugs independently is reviewed and the impact of this resistance on potential for synergy is discussed. Further, the considerable potential for tissue drug residues with dihydrostreptomycin or streptomycin from these formulations is examined by re-analysis of literature data, demonstrating an urgent need to reassess the place for aminoglycoside-containing formulations in dairy cattle therapeutics.

Efficacy of intramammary treatment with procaine penicillin G vs. procaine penicillin G plus neomycin in bovine clinical mastitis caused by penicillin‐susceptible, gram‐positive bacteria – a double blind field study

“…Extending the duration of the treatment does not increase the efficacy, but may enhance the nephrotoxic and ototoxic properties of aminoglycosides. Furthermore, aminoglycosides are known to bind to tissues and cause long-lasting residues in tissues, and consequently are not very suitable antibiotics for food animal use (Nouws & Ziv, 1978;Erskine et al, 1992;Whittem & Hanlon, 1997b). In mastitis, drug absorption from the udder can be increased because of the breakdown in the integrity of the blood-milk barrier, and drug persistence in the body may be prolonged (Nouws & Ziv, 1978).…”

“…, 1992; Whittem & Hanlon, 1997b). Unnecessary use of antibiotic combinations may increase selection pressure for antibiotic resistance (Whittem & Hanlon, 1997b; Østerås et al. , 1999).…”

“…Aminoglycosides are known to produce long-lasting residues in tissues, particularly in the kidneys of treated animals, which makes the use of these substances problematic in the treatment of food animals (Nouws & Ziv, 1978;Erskine et al, 1992;Whittem & Hanlon, 1997b). Unnecessary use of antibiotic combinations may increase selection pressure for antibiotic resistance (Whittem & Hanlon, 1997b;Østerås et al, 1999). If no clinical benefits are obtained from the use of a fixed combination of aminoglycoside and b-lactam antibiotics in treating mastitis, the aminoglycoside components could be removed from the preparations.…”

Investigation of the Persistence of Penicillin G and Dihydrostreptomycin Residues in Milk of Lactating Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…This condition can represent a risk for consumer safety, because of the toxicity, allergic reactions, and the increase in antimicrobial resistance. 10 The screening methods largely used to detect these compounds are microbial assays. However, confirmatory methods are based on high-performance liquid chromatography (LC) methods coupled to different detectors.…”

“…If these antibiotics are not properly managed, drug residues can remain in animal tissues and carry over into milk. This condition can represent a risk for consumer safety, because of the toxicity, allergic reactions, and the increase in antimicrobial resistance . The screening methods largely used to detect these compounds are microbial assays.…”