Diguanidinobutane (Arcaine) Degradation in<i>Rhodococcus</i>sp. C-x

Shoeb, Syed Mohammed; Hirota, Mitsuru; Shimizu, Eiichi; Yorifuji, Tohru

doi:10.1271/bbb.58.859

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Degradation of bis-guanidino structures has been reported previously, but only for P. putida [31], various other Pseudomonas sp. [29] and a species of Rhodococcus [27]. Therefore, this published evidence is in agreement with the observation that, of the isolates obtained from enrichment culture, P. putida is capable of the most extensive growth using DGH as a sole nitrogen source.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…is already known to metabolise DGB (1,4-diguanidinobutane; the shorter, C4 homologue of DGH) via initial deamination of one of the terminal guanidino groups to form carbamoylagmatine, followed by hydrolytic removal of the newly formed carbamoyl group to yield agmatine; this two-step reaction is then repeated on the other guanidino end-group to yield putrescine [27]. In this pathway, no urea is liberated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All together, these data suggest that P. putida metabolises DGH via 1-amino-6-guanidinohexane (the C6 homologue of agmatine) with concomitant formation of urea (Fig. 5), as previously reported for DGB metabolism in P. putida [31], and not via the pathway for DGB metabolism reported for a Rhodococcus sp., where no urea was liberated [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradability of end-groups of the biocide polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) assessed using model compounds

O’Malley

Collins²,

White

2006

J IND MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL

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Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), a biocide used in a wide variety of disinfection and preservation applications, is a polydisperse mixture in which the end-groups may be any combination of amine, guanidine and cyanoguanidine. Using PHMB model compounds (1,6-diaminohexane; 1,6-diguanidinohexane; 1,6-di(cyanoguanidino)hexane; 4-guanidinobutyric acid), we have determined the biodegradation characteristics of each end-group in several strains of bacteria isolated for their ability to utilise PHMB as a sole source of nitrogen. Bacteria were screened for growth at the expense of each model compound (at non-inhibitory concentrations) as sole nitrogen source. None of the isolated bacteria was capable of utilising a cyanoguanidine end-group as growth substrate, whereas several bacteria were shown to utilise amine or guanidine end-groups. In particular, a strain of Pseudomonas putida was capable of extensive growth with 1,6-diguanidinohexane as a sole nitrogen source, with complete removal of guanidine groups from culture medium within 2 days, and with concomitant formation of unsubstituted urea, which in turn was also utilised by the organism. We conclude that whilst amine and guanidine end-groups in PHMB are likely to be susceptible to biodegradation, cyanoguanidine end-groups are likely to be recalcitrant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%