The relation of serum digoxin concentrations (SDC) to subjective manifestations of toxicity was evaluated in 300 patients with permanent transvenous pacemakers. All had been receiving the same daily dose of a glycoside preparation for at least 6 months prior to the study. The most commonly prescribed preparations were β -acetyldigoxin (n = 186) and β-methyldigoxin (n = 70); a smaller number of patients received digoxin (n = 34) and lanatoside-C (n = 10). Subjective symptoms of gastrointestinal, neuromuscular, and psychiatric toxicity were evaluated by questionnaire concurrent with measurement of SDC. Daily glycoside dose correlated poorly with steady-state SDC. Age, sex, dose, body surface area, and serum creatinine concentration explained only a small fraction of overall variability in SDC. Subjective symptom scores tended to increase at higher SDC, but the trends did not approach significance. The independent variables collectively explained no more than 6% of the variability in toxicity scores. Thus, the occurrence of extracardiac symptoms of digitalis toxicity is only weakly related to serum glycoside concentration, probably because such symptoms are very nonspecific and can occur in patients with cardiac disease regardless of digitalis therapy.