Digoxin-Like Immunoreactive Factors Induce Apoptosis in Human Acute T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia

The antiproliferative effects of ouabain and everolimus on adrenocortical tumor cells

“…For example CS induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines [6]. Other investigators found that ouabain and digoxin selectively induced apoptosis in a human acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cell line [2]. In the estrogen dependent/independent breast cancer cell lines, CS similarly exerted antiproliferative effects, suggesting their potential use as anticancer agents [7].…”

Digoxin and digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (DLIF) modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines

“…Sporadic reports suggest that in addition to their cardiotonic properties, cardiac glycosides also induce apoptosis and anti-inflammatory properties [4,16]. In this study, we propose the hypothesis that the plant and mammalian cardenolides which are secreted in significant amounts in cardiovascular diseases possess anti-inflammatory properties via selective inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatiory cytokines.…”

“…Of great interest is the identification of family of endogenous mammalian compounds, digoxin-like immunoreactive factor (DLIFs) [7,6,[15][16][17]20] and ouabain-like factors, which are secreted by the adrenal cortical glands and are believed to constitute a hormonal axis regulating the activity of NKA [7,6,21]. A recent series of investigations from our laboratory and others suggest additional mechanisms related to immunomodulation by these compounds which could exert beneficial actions [16,[22][23]. Based on these studies we proposed that plant and mammalian cardenolides may possess anti-inflammatory properties and hence may be useful target as novel anti-inflammatory agents.…”

Ion pumps as biological targets for decavanadate

“…That it is also being used in the treatment of breast cancer emphasises the importance of the ion pumps in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and cell survival. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] It is not clear if different-sized CTS also bind to the same site or as strongly, and whether they block the translocation of intracellular sodium with the same potency. 2 Other Na + /K + -ATPase inhibitors include the anti-psychotic drug chlorpromazine, the anti-malarial agent chloroquine and the antibiotic gramicidine A (IC 50 = 8 μM) ( Table 1).…”

“…2 Other Na + /K + -ATPase inhibitors include the anti-psychotic drug chlorpromazine, the anti-malarial agent chloroquine and the antibiotic gramicidine A (IC 50 = 8 μM) ( Table 1). [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] These drugs also affect other proteins, however, and the effects on the Na + /K + -ATPase are only observed for higher concentrations. 18,19 Monomeric vanadate is a well-known Na + /K + -ATPase inhibitor which is selective towards the E2P conformation.…”