“…Considering its importance, research on the topic of I4.0 and HR "lacks a managerial perspective" (Schneider, 2018;Shamim et al, 2016). Most of the previous studies on this topic are based in developed counties like Russia (Fedorova et al, 2019;Ivanova et al, 2019), Germany (Becker & Stern, 2016;Bonekamp & Sure, 2016;Hecklau et al, 2016;Schneider, 2018;Whysall et al, 2019), Austria (Sorko et al, 2016), mainland Europe (Bouwman et al, 2018;Harteis, 2018), South Africa (Dhanpat et al, 2020;Bag et al, 2021a;Bag et al, 2021b) and Poland (Piwowar-Sulej, 2020). Additionally, there is a lack of empirical research relating to I4.0 (Shamim et al, 2016) in the developing countries of South Asia, especially Bangladesh (Islam et al, 2018), and none focusing on I4.0 and family businesses.…”