Digital watermarking technique using block correlation of DCT coefficients

Choi, Yoonki; Aizawa, Kiyoharu

doi:10.1002/ecjb.10069

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The simplest method in the spatial domain embeds the watermark by modifying the least significant bits (LSB) of pixels of an image [1]. In frequency domain applications, transforms such as DCT, Wavelet and Contourlet have been used for watermarking [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevating watermark robustness by data diffusion in Contourlet coefficients

Kaviani

Samavi

Karimi

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

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As concerns about copyright protection increased amongst multimedia owners in recent years, many watermarking algorithms proposed to protect copyright of digital images. These methods are either spatial or frequency domain techniques. It is essential for a watermarking method to have acceptable robustness. That is why many existing methods try to improve their robustness against signal processing modifications. In this paper a block based watermarking scheme is proposed that embeds a binary logo into Contourlet coefficients of image. To increase robustness, embedding is done in two scales and watermark is inserted into DCT coefficients of Contourlet blocks to diffuse the effects of the embedding throughout the coefficients. Experimental results, and comparison with a robust Contourlet domain method, show that the proposed scheme has better robustness against some image processing attacks, while improving fidelity. Furthermore the proposed algorithm has the advantage of having a blind extraction phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevating watermark robustness by data diffusion in Contourlet coefficients

Kaviani

Samavi

Karimi

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

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“…This method performs effectively against JPEG compression attack. Choi et al [39] proposed a blind image watermarking scheme dealing with colour images. The advantage of the methodology adopted in this for watermark embedding is of gaining higher PSNR with effective resistance against various attacks such as JPEG compression and Gaussian noise.…”

Section: Dct-based Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Robust Digital Image Watermarking

Verma

Jha

2015

IETE Technical Review

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This paper presents a thorough literature review of robust digital image watermarking applied in diverse applications. Researchers have already done lots of noteworthy work in the field of digital image watermarking. Even though, it is interesting to point out that current methods designed for image integrity may not be perfect. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to offer a comprehensive reference source to the researchers involved in the design of robust digital image watermarking schemes, regardless of particular application areas. In this article, classification of various watermarking schemes with their properties and applications in the different domain is studied. The general structure of watermarking system, different quantitative matrices, and various categories of attacks are also discussed in this survey. The comparative and quantitative analysis of various watermarking schemes in the different domain will help the researchers in a quick review of existing algorithms.

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“…In order to compare their method with verification methods that use BER or correlation, the authors performed the following experiments using the electronic watermark method [14,15] which uses block correlation. First, watermark information is extracted after JPEG compression while varying the compression ratio for an image with 1860 bits of watermark information embedded in it.…”

Section: Verification Based On Error Probability For Watermark Informmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watermark detection based on error probability and its applications to video watermarking

Choi

Aizawa

2004

Electron Comm Jpn Pt III

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SUMMARYAs digital media which can be copied and edited readily without loss of quality has spread, several electronic watermarking methods used to protect copyrights and prevent illegal copying have been proposed. Electronic watermarking technology which can embed author information secretly in data consists primarily of embedding the watermark information, extracting watermark information, and verifying watermark information. Various methods have been proposed for embedding and extracting watermark information, depending on the scope of use and purpose. On the other hand, methods to verify the detected watermark information are limited, with BER (Bit Error Rate) and correlation between the extracted watermark information and the original watermark information widely used for evaluation. In contrast, in this paper, the authors propose a method to verify electronic watermarks based on probability. In the proposed method, the reliability that the original watermark information is embedded in the detected image is calculated as a probability, and then using this value, whether or not the watermark information is there is determined. The calculated value gives an evaluation value directly, one that includes the number of bits in the original watermark information. As a result, this verification method can be considered valid for use with video, in which watermarks are repeated. The authors use experiments to confirm the validity of their method by applying it to electronic watermarks for still images and video.

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Digital watermarking technique using block correlation of DCT coefficients

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Elevating watermark robustness by data diffusion in Contourlet coefficients

Elevating watermark robustness by data diffusion in Contourlet coefficients

An Overview of Robust Digital Image Watermarking

Watermark detection based on error probability and its applications to video watermarking

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