Digital versus screen-film mammography: impact of mammographic density and hormone therapy on breast cancer detection

Abstract

Most studies that have examined the effects of mammographic density and hormone therapy use on breast cancer detection have included screen-film mammography. This study further examines this association in post-menopausal women screened by digital mammography. Approved by the University of Toronto Research Ethics Board, this study identified 688,418 women of age 50-74 years screened with digital or screen-film mammography from 2008 to 2009 within the Ontario Breast Screening Program. Of 2993 eligible women with invasive breast cancer, 2450 were contacted and 1421 participated (847 screen-film mammography, 574 digital direct radiography). Mammographic density was measured by study radiologists using the standard BI-RADS classification system and by a computer-assisted method. Information on hormone therapy use was collected by a telephone-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression and two-tailed tests for significance evaluated associations between factors and detection method by mammography type. Women with >75 % radiologist-measured mammographic density compared to those with <25 % were more likely to be diagnosed with an interval than screen-detected cancer, with the difference being greater for those screened with screen-film (OR = 6.40, 95 % CI 2.30-17.85) than digital mammography (OR = 2.41, 95 % CI 0.67-8.58) and aged 50-64 years screened with screen-film mammography (OR = 10.86, 95 % CI 2.96-39.57). Recent former hormone therapy users were also at an increased risk of having an interval cancer with the association being significant for women screened with digital mammography (OR = 2.08, 95 % CI 1.17-3.71). Breast screening using digital mammography lowers the risk of having an interval cancer for post-menopausal women aged 50-64 with greater mammographic density.

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“…Information on adjuvant endocrine therapy at baseline was not available. Mammography technology has improved since the era of asm considered in the study 24 , and those improvements might result in a greater effect on bca mortality than was observed here. Furthermore, because of the limitations of our data sources, we were unable to examine potential benefits of asm other than reduction in bca mortality-for example, detection of invasive ipsilateral recurrence or contralateral primary at an earlier stage (requiring less-intense therapeutic intervention) and longer recurrence-free survival after ipsilateral recurrence or contralateral primary 25,26 .…”

Comparative Assessment of Image Processing Techniques for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer: A Review

“…If it is done with the film, the contrast may particularly decreased (Chiarelli et al 2015). In mammographic system, tissues like epithelial and stromal be an idea reduce x-rays in excess of adipose tissues.…”

Thermography based breast cancer detection using self‐adaptive gray level histogram equalization color enhancement method

“…The increase in death rate is mostly due to the lack of awareness 3 . The diagnosis of this disease can be done by the internal image of the affected area of the tumor and it is commonly done by X‐ray mammography, ultrasound, MRI screening 4 . This mammography approach will enhance the tumor growth by 2% during every examination due to electromagnetic radiations 5 .…”