Digital twins in the built environment: Definition, applications, and challenges

Barriers to Adopting Advanced Work Packaging (AWP) in Construction

“…Under the category "Organizational Resistance and Cultural Change", the implementation of AWP confronts significant barriers rooted in the human and cultural dimensions of organizational environments. The resistance to change emerges as a recurring theme, reflecting a deep-seated inertia within the corporate culture that is resistant to new methodologies, not only AWP but also many other practices and philosophies, such as lean construction, digital transformation, and others [7,23,[66][67][68][69][70][71]. This resistance is often coupled with concerns about disclosing trade secrets, which can inhibit the sharing of information necessary for effective AWP implementation [23].…”

“…The nature of the construction industry itself, characterized by its conservative disposition, further complicates the adoption of AWP. This sector's proclivity for maintaining traditional practices challenges the integration of innovative project-management approaches [7,15]. Moreover, the retention of a skilled workforce becomes a formidable challenge in an industry where transient employment is common, which can disrupt continuity and the knowledge retention critical for AWP's success [23].…”

“…Its capabilities underscore the method's adigm shift, promising to revolutionize project management and execution through automated information extraction for improved constraint management, thereby facilitating more efficient identification and modeling of constraints [6]. Its capabilities underscore the method's potential to address the construction industry's productivity woes effectively [7]. AWP aligns project planning and execution from initiation through closing, organizing projects into manageable packages that facilitate better planning, coordination, and execution [8,9].…”

“…This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap through a systematic literature review (SLR), intending to identify the expected barriers to adopting AWP in the construction sector. Employing the "Preferred Reporting Items for SLR and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) guidelines, this SLR seeks not only to elucidate these barriers but also to offer a clear and methodologically sound exploration of the existing literature [7,13]. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the construction-management discipline's body of knowledge, offering both practical implications for industry stakeholders and a foundation for policy development aimed at facilitating AWP adoption.…”