Digital Printing of Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Solid-state lithium-ion batteries promise to deliver the next generation of energy storage with necessary improvements in safety, energy density, and durability. However, their broad commercial success requires the development of scalable manufacturing processes to address fabrication challenges associated with composite electrodes, electrode/solid electrolyte interfaces, and thin solid electrolyte layers. In parallel with the need for innovation in solid-state battery fabrication, there is a rapid progress in the field of 3D printing of functional materials. Hence, there is now the opportunity to consider how additive manufacturing informs fabrication processes for solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Herein, the fabrication requirements of solid-state lithium-ion batteries are described and recent examples of digitally fabricated solid-state lithium-ion batteries, components, and materials are highlighted. A critical review of initial efforts toward 3D printing of solid-state lithium-ion batteries provides the prospective to identify future challenges and prospects.

Direct ink writing advances in multi-material structures for a sustainable future

“…So far, there have been many attempts to print electrodes and some solid electrolytes. 14,81 One of the challenges in multi-cartridge printing is to engineer the interfaces between the different components to achieve the right degree of interconnection. Several research groups are trying to develop universal ink formulations based in the same carriers for different materials to ensure good interfacial contact and, if possible, avoid post-processing aer printing.…”

Challenge-driven printing strategies toward high-performance solid-state lithium batteries

“…Various printing techniques have been invented, developed, used, and improved in recent years. 25,27,28 The selection of printing techniques depends on the desired materials, processability of the inks, resolutions, pattern dimensions, and the specic performance requirements for the nal products. In this section, we briey introduce representative advanced printing techniques that are frequently exploited for fabricating high-performance batteries, in combination with the corresponding material selection and ink properties for each printing technique.…”

Advances in 3D Printing for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems

“…Any available shape could be modified simply by altering the CAD file with low-cost customization. One clear advantage of using additive manufacturing is the minimal wastage of battery materials [83]. The development of fully 3D printed solid-state batteries by Blackstone indeed set a milestone in the history of lithium-ion batteries.…”