Digital particle image velocimetry of mammalian swimming

Legac, Paul; Wei, Timothy; Fish, Frank E.; Williams, Terrie M.; Mark, Russell; Hutchison, Sean

doi:10.1063/1.2973663

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The size of the contour was chosen to be small enough to capture the vortex core-that is, excluding the outer region of the vortex where diffusion and dissipation of vorticity would yield a reduced vortex strength-yet large enough to ensure accurate integration. A sensitivity analysis of size and placement of the contour is provided in Legac [23]. The average V tail was determined by measuring the maximum distance traveled by the flukes during each half stroke multiplied by the number of half strokes in each direction divided by the total time for those strokes.…”

Section: Thrust Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Measurement of Dolphin Thrust Generated during a Tail Stand Using DPIV

Fish

Williams

Sherman

et al. 2018

Fluids

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Estimation of force generated by dolphins has long been debated. The problem was that indirect estimates of force production for dolphins resulted in low values that could not be validated. Bubble digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) measured hydrodynamic force production for swimming dolphins and demonstrated high force production. To validate the bubble DPIV and reconcile force production measurements, two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) performing tail stands were measured with bubble DPIV. Microbubbles were generated from a finely porous hose and compressed air source. Displacement of the bubbles by the propulsive motions of the dolphin was tracked with a high-speed video camera. Oscillations of the dolphin flukes generated strong vortices and a downward directed jet flow into the wake. Application of the Kutta-Joukowski theorem measuring vortex circulations yielded forces up to 997.3 N. Another video camera recorded body height above the water surface to determine the mass-force of the dolphin above the water surface. For the dolphin to hold its position above the water surface, the mass-force approximately balanced the vertical hydrodynamic force from the flukes. The results demonstrated the fluke motions generate high sustained forces roughly equal to the dolphin's weight out of the water. Bubble DPIV validated high forces measured previously for thrust generated in swimming by animals and demonstrated a more accurate technique compared to standard aerodynamic analysis.

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Section: Thrust Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Measurement of Dolphin Thrust Generated during a Tail Stand Using DPIV

Fish

Williams

Sherman

et al. 2018

Fluids

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The Fluid Dynamics of Competitive Swimming

Wei¹,

Mark²,

Hutchison³

2014

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

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Nowhere in sport is performance so dependent on the interaction of the athlete with the surrounding medium than in competitive swimming. As a result, understanding (at least implicitly) and controlling (explicitly) the fluid dynamics of swimming are essential to earning a spot on the medal stand. This is an extremely complex, highly multidisciplinary problem with a broad spectrum of research approaches. This review attempts to provide a historical framework for the fluid dynamics–related aspects of human swimming research, principally conducted roughly over the past five decades, with an emphasis on the past 25 years. The literature is organized below to show a continuous integration of computational and experimental technologies into the sport. Illustrations from the authors' collaborations over a 10-year period, coupling the knowledge and experience of an elite-level coach, a lead biomechanician at USA Swimming, and an experimental fluid dynamicist, are intended to bring relevance and immediacy to the review.

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Digital particle image velocimetry of mammalian swimming

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Measurement of Dolphin Thrust Generated during a Tail Stand Using DPIV

Experimental Measurement of Dolphin Thrust Generated during a Tail Stand Using DPIV

The Fluid Dynamics of Competitive Swimming

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