Digital, high resolution weather, sea ice and ocean information to the users at sea: the IWICOS demonstration during the Aranda expedition in the Fram Strait

Seinä, Ari; Berglund, Robin; Haajanen, Jyrki; Kotovirta, Ville; Mansner, Jenni; Tergujeff, Renne; Launiainen, Jouko; Eriksson, Patrick; Johansson, Milla; Vainio, Jouni; Lind, Morten; Grönvall, Hannu

doi:10.1016/s0422-9894(03)80102-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The maximum ice extent for the whole Baltic Sea was observed on March 5, when the ice-covered area was up to 232 000 km 2 [ 7 ]. According to this, the winter 2002/2003 is classified as an average ice winter [ 6 ], but certainly ice conditions in the Gulf of Finland were harder than on the average [ 7 ]. The length of the Gulf of Finland ice season in winter 2002/2003 exceeded the long-term average by more than a month.…”

Section: Air Temperature °Cmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Typically, merchant ships need ice breaker assistance in the Gulf of Finland beginning with January; however during the winter season 2002/2003 icebreakers were needed already beginning with December. The maximum ice extent for the whole Baltic Sea was observed on March 5, when the ice-covered area was up to 232 000 km 2 [ 7 ]. According to this, the winter 2002/2003 is classified as an average ice winter [ 6 ], but certainly ice conditions in the Gulf of Finland were harder than on the average [ 7 ].…”

Section: Air Temperature °Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Gulf of Finland is fully ice-covered in normal and severe winters [ 6,7 ]. Even in very mild winters some parts of the Gulf of Finland freeze.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the relationship between sea ice deformation and ship damages in the Gulf of Finland in winter 2003

Pärn¹,

Haapala²,

Kõuts³

et al. 2007

Estonian Journal of Engineering

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Sea ice ridges and other types of deformed ice are the main obstacles for the winter navigation. During the severe winter 2002/2003, about 60% of the ship hull damages, registered in the Baltic Sea, occurred in the Gulf of Finland. We have analysed ice deformation features, derived from the HELMI sea ice model in relation to two ship damages that occurred in the Gulf of Finland this winter. The damages happened close to the high growth rate area of deformed ice at the interface of different ice conditions with notable ice thickness gradients. It is concluded that the rate of ridged ice production is an indicator of the compression of the ice pack and a potential indicator of ice-induced danger to shipping.

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Section: Air Temperature °Cmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Air Temperature °Cmentioning

confidence: 99%