Digital cephalometric analysis illustrating morphological variation of the soft palate

Khaitan, Tanya; Ramaswamy, P; Ginjupally, Uday; Balmuri, Praveen Kumar; Chennoju, Sai Kiran; Pattipati, Sreenivasulu

doi:10.4103/0972-1363.188745

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Utilization of only 2 groups (children and adults) is a limitation of the present study. The literature on this topic has found age to be a significant predictor of velar shape when participants were divided into age groups spanning 5 years,71416 but not when divided into age groups spanning 10 years 1517. Future research should analyze groups of participants at each age to determine which ages are associated with changes in velar morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additional studies have applied qualitative velar classifications to analyze lateral cephalograms 12347891011121314. For the majority of these studies, the most common velar shape was “leaf,” and no significant difference in shape was reported based on sex or age 1791215. Praveen et al11 also found no significant difference in velar shape according to sex, but determined that the “rat-tail” shape was most common among both males and females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

2019

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in velar shape according to age, sex, and race using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods The study sample consisted of 170 participants (85 children, 85 adults) between 4 and 34 years of age. Velar morphology was visually classified using midsagittal MRI scans for each participant by 2 independent raters. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations of velar shape with sex, age, and race. Results The most frequent velar shape was “butt” for both adults (41%) and children (58%) in this study. The least common shapes for adults were “leaf” and “S.” The children did not exhibit any “leaf” or “straight” velar shapes. A statistically significant difference was noted for age with respect to velar shape ( P =0.014). Sex and race were found to have no significant impact on velar shape in this study. Conclusion When using MRI to evaluate velar morphology, the “butt” shape was most common in both children and adults. Velar shape varied significantly with age, while race and sex did not have a significant impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

2019

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“…The highest values of the average length of the soft palate were found in men aged 46-55 years (and in all age groups higher values in men). In addition, a positive correlation was found between age and the type of soft palate [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate in young men and young women with an orthognathic bite without and taking into account the type of face

et al. 2022

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The study of the features of the upper respiratory tract and the relationship of their parameters with other anatomical formations and structures of the human body is one of the promising areas of modern science. Since numerous anatomical components are involved in the functioning of the respiratory tract, their detailed study should be carried out separately. One of these components that is of direct interest to science and practice is the soft palate. The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of the teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate in Ukrainian young men and young women without pathology of the upper respiratory tract with an orthognathic bite without and taking into account the type of face. Determination of teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate was carried out in 72 young women and 46 young men with no pathology of the upper respiratory tract with an orthognathic bite (primary lateral teleroentgenograms were taken from the database of the research center and the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya). For all young men and young women face type was determined using Garson's morphological index. The analysis of the obtained results was carried out in the statistical package “Statistica 6.0” using non-parametric estimation methods. As a result of the conducted research, pronounced gender differences were found (significantly greater, or a tendency to greater values in young men): the value of the PM-U distance in representatives without taking into account the type of face by 7.1 %, with very wide – by 9.2 %, with wide – by 8.4 % and with narrow – by 7.4 % face types; values of the SPT distance in representatives without taking into account the face type by 10.3 %, with very wide – by 16.4 % and with narrow – by 23.1 % face types; the values of the NL/PM-U angle in representatives without taking into account the face type by 7.6 % and by 11.5 % with wide face types; the size of the SPA area in representatives without taking into account the type of face by 17.2 %, with very wide – by 24.4 %, with wide – by 13.4 % and with narrow – by 32.2 % of face types. When analyzing the value of teleradiographic parameters of the soft palate in young men between different types of faces, it was established that significantly higher values or trends towards higher values in representatives with a narrow face of the SPT distance and SPA area than in young men with a very wide (respectively by 8.9 % and 13.0 %) and average (by 13.9 % and 22.2 %), respectively, face types, and in young men, regardless of face type, there is a tendency for greater values of the PM-U distance than in representatives with an average face (by 4.2 %). In young women with a narrow face, only a tendency to greater values of the NL/PM-U angle was established than in young women with a wide face (by 6.2 %). The results of the study are an integral element of determining the normative values of various parameters of the upper respiratory tract, which enables practicing doctors to more correctly distinguish the norm from pathology.

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“…Certain studies done on normal patients to evaluate soft palate morphology and type 1 was found to be most common. 8,11,12 Khare P et al 13 also found type 1 soft palate most common in OSMF group using CBCT. Patil, et al 14 found type-1, 6 and 3 to be most common in early, moderate and severe stage of OSMF respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Soft palate morphology in OSMF patients: Radiographic evaluation

Shah¹,

Shah

2021

IJMI

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Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic progressive, scarring disorder of oral cavity, which includes buccal mucosa, tongue, lips, anterior faucial pillars, soft palate, and oropharynx. Changes in soft palate morphology will start even before the OSMF, present itself clinically. These changes can lead to sleep apnea, difficulty in speech, swallowing & respiration. Various radiographs are good diagnostic aid to assess the soft palate and its morphology or any changes in morphology. To evaluate and compare soft palate morphology and dimensions in various stages of OSMF with control by radiographic evaluation.: 60 patients were evaluated and compared for soft palate morphology, its length, width and angle by using lateral cephalogram and Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Most common type of soft palate was found to be type 1 (leaf shaped) in both groups as well as by both radiographic techniques. Significant decrease in length and increase in width with increasing grades of OSMF group. As per p value CBCT gave more precise result. As the OSMF progresses soft palate becomes stout and bulky and significant changes occur in soft palate dimensions and are better evaluated by CBCT. As involvement of the soft palate is the earliest change to be noticed, radiographs should be used as one of the diagnostic aids in OSMF patients.

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Digital cephalometric analysis illustrating morphological variation of the soft palate

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

Teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate in young men and young women with an orthognathic bite without and taking into account the type of face

Soft palate morphology in OSMF patients: Radiographic evaluation

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