“…fear, stress), reduced leisure opportunities, limited socialization and inaccessibility of resources (Kar et al, 2020). The literature review of COVID-19 preventive behaviors (Table 1) also implies that people may experience social pressure, psychological distress and a lack of confidence when it comes to preventing the spread of the coronavirus during this pandemic (Sitar-Taut and Mican, 2023;Dhawan et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2023). In particular, they need online news, knowledge and emotional support to overcome their feelings of helplessness and powerlessness associated with preventive practices, such as social distancing and self-isolation (Niu et al, 2020(Niu et al, , 2022Choi, 2022).…”