“…First, it is well documented in the literature that conventional panel unit root tests that do not consider CSD lead to serious size distortions. Allowing for CSD is especially important when testing for PPP, because RERs by construction contain two common components: the foreign price index, and the value of the numeraire currency, which naturally causes them to be cross-sectionally dependent (O' Connell, 1998;Carvalho and Julio, 2012). Second; if the panel unit root test leads to the rejection of the unit root null, then this does not mean that all of the series in the panel contain a unit root (Taylor and Sarno, 1998;Sarno and Taylor, 1998).…”