Digestive Proteolytic and Amylolytic Activities and Feeding Responses of <I>Helicoverpa armigera</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Different Host Plants

Abstract

Digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities and feeding responses of fifth instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on different host plants including chickpea (cultivars Arman, Hashem, Azad, and Binivich), common bean (cultivar Khomein), white kidney bean (cultivar Dehghan), red kidney bean (cultivar Goli), cowpea (cultivar Mashhad), tomato (cultivar Meshkin), and potato (cultivars Agria and Satina) were studied under laboratory conditions (25 +/- 1 degrees C, 65 +/- 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 [L:D] h). Our results showed that the highest protease activity in optimal pH was on cultivar Dehghan (8.717 U/mg) and lowest one was on Meshkin (3.338 U/mg). In addition, the highest amylase activity in optimal pH was on cultivar Dehghan (0.340 mU/mg) and lowest was on Meshkin (0.088 mU/mg). The larval weight of fifth instar H. armigera showed significant difference, being heaviest on Binivich (125.290 +/- 5.050 mg) and lightest on Meshkin (22.773 +/- 0.575 mg). Furthermore, the highest and lowest values of food consumed were on Goli (362.800 +/- 27.500 mg) and Satina (51.280 +/- 4.500 mg), respectively. In addition, the lowest values of prepupal and pupal weight were on Meshkin (32.413 +/- 0.980 and 41.820 +/- 1.270 mg, respectively). The results indicated that tomato (Meshkin) was unsuitable host for feeding fifth instar larvae of H. armigera.

Digestive Physiology and Nutritional Responses ofAutographa gamma(L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Different Sugar Beet Cultivars

“…Compatible to other works ( Hemati et al 2012 ; Naseri et al 2014 ; Rahimi Namin et al 2014 ), the findings of this research showed that the digestive physiology of A. gamma larvae was significantly affected by different tested sugar beet cultivars. The highest proteolytic activity of fourth and fifth instar was on cultivar Persia ( Fig.…”

“…Several studies have recently been done about the effect of various host plants on digestive enzymatic activity and nutritional responses of lepidopteran larvae ( Naseri et al 2010 ; Hemati et al 2012 ; Mehrkhou 2013 ; Rahimi Namin et al 2014 ; Mardani-Talaee et al 2014 ; Hosseininejad et al 2015 ; Teimouri et al 2015 ); however, no published research articles are available regarding digestive physiology and nutritional responses of A. gamma on either sugar beet cultivars or other host plants. Accordingly, the objective of this research was to study the effect of different sugar beet cultivars on the feeding rate, and digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities of A. gamma .…”

Plant Protease Inhibitors and their Interactions with Insect Gut Proteinases

“…This is because due to the broader substrate specificity and significant differential interaction of chymotrypsins with the inhibitors (Peterson et al 1995). Within different host plants, the highest general proteolytic activity was in the larvae reared on cultivars Dehghan (white kidney bean) and Arman (chickpea), indicating the presence of some PIs on these cultivars, resulting in hyper-production of proteases by midgut cells of H. armigera in response to protease inhibition by PIs (Hemati et al 2012).…”

Life Table Parameters and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Selected Legume Cultivars

“…Therefore, assessment of the biochemical metabolites characterizing potential selections for cultivation may help explain differences in demographic and physiological responses of herbivores and assist in selection of resistance traits [ 13 , 20 ]. For example, elucidating digestive physiology of pests has benefited development of target-specific insecticides [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Highly polyphagous herbivores, such as S. littoralis , have sophisticated mechanism(s) to regulate their digestive proteases [ 24 ]; midgut proteases as well as α-amylases are two groups that may prove particularly important for digestion of legumes [ 25 ].…”