Digestive Polyps and polyposis in children. Update and literature review

Abstract

Les polypes digestifs constituent une entité peu étudiée chez l’enfant. Ils offrent une symptomatologie peu spécifique. L’approche diagnostique est basée sur une bonne anamnèse, un examen clinique complet et des examens complémentaires ciblés. L’exploration endoscopique et l’étude histologique constituent la pierre angulaire de la prise en charge. Il peut s’agir d’une polypose entrant dans le cadre d’un syndrome génétique ou d’un polype isolé.

Prolapsed Juvenile Polyp of the Anus in 2 Cases

“…In pediatrics, their discovery is not uncommon, identified by two (2) situations, one urgent in relation to a symptomatological repercussion requiring an emergency procedure, and another requiring cold exploration [6]. Our patients were presented with an emergency situation characterized by rectorrhagia.…”

“…The etiopathogenesis of juvenile polyps is unknown, and has long been considered a reactionary or pseudotumoral lesion. However, in 2008, the nature the neoplastic nature of this lesion has become evident with the detection of the PDGFR alpha mutation in the tumour cell genome [6].…”

“…A polyp is usually discovered incidentally during digestive endoscopy or laparotomy. When symptomatic, clinical signs depend on the size and location of the lesion [6] [7] [8].…”

“…In children, rectal bleeding is a frequent warning sign, often a recurrent bleed with no effect on general condition. They may also include isolated or recurrent abdominal pain, IIA or intestinal obstruction, often related to the localization [6] [10].…”