Digestive disturbances in ruminants: An electromyographic study

Abstract

Motility patterns of the intestine were studied by electromyography in neonate (calf) and adult (sheep) ruminants. The motor effects of spasmolytics and morphinomimetics are described in both health and digestive disturbances (acidosis, parasitism, molasses). In control animals, the electrical activity of the small intestine consisted of two phases of irregular and regular spiking activity, propagated every 2-3 hours along the entire small bowel. The electromyograms of the large intestine exhibited (i) phasic and propagated contractions of the caecum and proximal colon and (ii) tonic unpropagated activity of the spiral colon.In all disturbances investigated, spiral colon activity decreased. The small intes tine motor profile was replaced by a typical minute rhythm in grain overload and strongylosis, a pattern also recorded after an intraduodenal administration of hypertonic solutions. Diarrhea observed in acidosis or molasses (sheep) and of infectious origin (calf) did not disrupt the cyclic activity of the small intestine.The anticholinergic drugs were active in diarrhea by an inhibition of the small intestine activity. By contrast, morphine and synthetic antidiarrheal drugs reduced the diarrhea by enhancement of the actl~v~ty of the spiral colon.