Digestion of Juniper Pollen by Collembola

Scott, Harold George; Stojanovich, Chester James

doi:10.2307/3493630

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Besides a typical primary plant cell wall, a so‐called exine layer surrounds pollen grains (Ariizumi & Toriyama, ). This layer is resistant to degradation, and its digestion has only been reported for certain springtails (subclass Collembola ) that seem to harbor an enzyme of unknown origin called exinase (Scott & Stojanovich, ). In other insects, swelling and pseudogermination of pollen grains were reported to result in the outgrowth of short pollen tubes that promote the exposure of the primary plant cell wall to the gut environment (Haslett, ; Peng et al ., ; Dobson & Peng, ).…”

Section: Nutritional Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function

2013

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Insect guts present distinctive environments for microbial colonization, and bacteria in the gut potentially provide many beneficial services to their hosts. Insects display a wide range in degree of dependence on gut bacteria for basic functions. Most insect guts contain relatively few microbial species as compared to mammalian guts, but some insects harbor large gut communities of specialized bacteria. Others are colonized only opportunistically and sparsely by bacteria common in other environments. Insect digestive tracts vary extensively in morphology and physicochemical properties, factors that greatly influence microbial community structure. One obstacle to the evolution of intimate associations with gut microorganisms is the lack of dependable transmission routes between host individuals. Here, social insects, such as termites, ants, and bees, are exceptions: social interactions provide opportunities for transfer of gut bacteria, and some of the most distinctive and consistent gut communities, with specialized beneficial functions in nutrition and protection, have been found in social insect species. Still, gut bacteria of other insects have also been shown to contribute to nutrition, protection from parasites and pathogens, modulation of immune responses, and communication. The extent of these roles is still unclear and awaits further studies.

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Section: Nutritional Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function

2013

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“…Sporopollenin is chemically resistant in the laboratory, but can corrode from the exterior, when left for long periods in leaf mold (Havinga, 1971; Rowley et al, 1990; Skvarla et al, 1996) and is occasionally breached by fungal hyphae (Goldstein, 1960; Elsik, 1966, 1971). We found only one report of exine degradation in the gut of an arthropod (Scott and Stojanovich, 1963). In a few plant species, exine structure also alters dramatically after contact with the stigma and during hydration and germination (Gherardini and Healey, 1969; Dickinson and Lewis, 1974; Rowley and Rowley, 1983; Dulberger, 1992); perhaps in these species, and in A. thaliana and other breakout Brassicaceae, materials derived from the stigma contribute to exine degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen from Arabidopsis thaliana and other Brassicaceae are functionally omniaperturate

Edlund

Zheng

Lowe

et al. 2016

American J of Botany

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The polarity of pollen germination in A. thaliana is externally induced, not linked to aperture location. The biomechanical force for breaking nonaperture walls is found in localized swelling of intine pectins. As such, the pollen from A. thaliana, and likely many Brassicaceae family members, are functionally omniaperturate. This new mechanism for germination between extant apertures raises questions about exine porosity and the diversity of mechanisms across taxa.

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“…For most insects, the whole pollen grain is ingested and digestion occurs within their alimentary canal (Scott and Stojanovich, 1963;Turner, 1984;Ricksonetal., 1990). In some cases, osmotic shock to the pollen grain causes it to burst.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton pollen retention in boll weevils: A laboratory experiment

Jones¹,

Greenberg²

2009

Palynology

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Cotton pollen is thought to exist in the gut of boll weevils for at least 24 hours. Because finding whole or broken cotton pollen grains are valuable clues in determining when boll weevils were living in cotton, the retention of cotton pollen in the gut of the weevil was examined. Boll weevils were fed cotton buds, cotton flowers, and water for five days, then they were placed into cleaned cages without any food. However they were allowed to drink water freely. Weevils were examined at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after the buds and flowers were removed. One hundred weevils were dissected at each time interval, and each gut was placed onto a glass slide. Light microscopy was used to determine the presence or absence of cotton pollen. More weevils (63%) at 0 hours contained pollen than weevils at any other interval. Whole pollen grains were not found in weevils after 24 hours. The 120 hour interval contained a single weevil with pollen. In the laboratory test, whole cotton pollen grains indicated that feeding on cotton occurred within 24 hours. When only halves and fragments of pollen were found, cotton feeding occurred 48-120 hours earlier. Additionally, when six or more cotton pollen grains were found in a weevil, it had fed on cotton within 24 hours. This information narrows the boll weevil dispersal times and distances from cotton fields and overwintering areas.

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Digestion of Juniper Pollen by Collembola

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function

The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function

Pollen from Arabidopsis thaliana and other Brassicaceae are functionally omniaperturate

Cotton pollen retention in boll weevils: A laboratory experiment

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