Digestibility, ruminal fermentation and duodenal flux of amino acids in steers fed grass forage plus concentrate containing increasing levels of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract

Orlandi, Tiago; Kozloski, Gilberto Vilmar; Alves, Tiago Pansard; Mesquita, F.R.; Ávila, Suélen

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.012

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Most importantly for dairy production, methionine and gluconeogenic amino acid supply was positively influenced by CT supplementation. While both apparent and true N digestibility were linearly decreased by 7% or less as CT inclusion increased, N retention was linearly improved from 17.3 to 33.2 g/day (Orlandi et al, 2015). This finding suggests that an improvement in post-ruminal amino acid supply outweighed any impairment in protein digestibility.…”

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Orlandi et al (2015) reported a similar degree of N digestibility inhibition when calculated on an apparent basis and when the effect of endogenous losses was removed by utilizing only neutral detergent insoluble N as a proxy for N of dietary origin. This suggests that Acacia mearnsii tannins at concentrations of 0.9-1.7% of DM did not stimulate endogenous protein secretion.…”

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Acacia mearnsii tannin extract supplementation of 9-17 g/kg DM to Holstein steers increased amino acid flux into the duodenum by an average of 30% above the mean value for the control treatment (Orlandi et al, 2015). Most importantly for dairy production, methionine and gluconeogenic amino acid supply was positively influenced by CT supplementation.…”

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, microbial protein production was improved in a birdsfoot trefoil diet suggesting a more efficient use of dietary N when a CT-containing forage was offered in replacement for alfalfa. As rumen NH 3 is reduced, CT shift N excretion from the urine to feces (Deaville et al, 2010;Williams et al, 2011;Hymes-Fecht et al, 2013;Ahnert et al, 2015;Orlandi et al, 2015;Aguerre et al, 2016), which may substantially improve environmental sustainability of ruminant production through reduced nitrous oxide emissions from manure (Powell et al, 2010). The effect of CT on microbial protein synthesis and microbial growth efficiency are much less clear compared with the well-established responses on ruminal CP degradation and NH 3 concentrations.…”

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions

et al. 2017

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-Tannins represent one of the most abundant polyphenolic compounds in plants. Tannins exist as a multitude of chemically unique entities in nature. The most commonly occurring tannins are typically divided into two major classes based on chemical structure: hydrolysable (HT) or condensed tannins (CT). Hydrolysable tannins are esters of gallic or ellagic acid linked to a polyol core, typically glucose. Condensed tannins or proanthocyanidins consist of flavan-3-ol subunits linked together to form oligomers and polymers. Both HT and CT are defined as astringent, medium-to-high-molecular weight polyphenolic compounds that characteristically bind and precipitate soluble proteins. The objective of this paper was to present recent advances in CT-ruminant interactions, the limitations associated with understanding and using CT in ruminant animal production, and future needs for research to further advance our knowledge of the role of CT in optimization of ruminant animal production. Condensed tannins pose some anti-nutritional problems to ruminants due to their astringent property that reduces feed intake and, consequently, animal performance. Ruminants can, however, tolerate CT by slowly adapting the ruminal microbes to the toxic effects of CT and by releasing CT-binding salivary proteins. The protein-binding ability of CT has some benefits to the ruminant due to complexes formed with essential amino acids, preventing their degradation in the rumen, but releasing them in the lower gut for absorption by the animal. Recent data have suggested increased N retention when CT is given to growing animals. There are potential benefits of using CT and HT for anthelmintic purposes due to their ability to inhibit egg hatching and larval motility of gastrointestinal nematode parasites, especially in small ruminants. Condensed tannins also bind to minerals (Al, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn). Although studies with ruminants have been contradictory, it has been reported that because the CT-metal ion complex is stable over a wide pH range, CT may reduce the bioavailability of minerals. Methane mitigation by feeding CT might be the most impactful benefit for ruminant production. Many empirical equations have been developed to predict ruminal methane emissions, but very few have included CT. Future research should focus on the improvement of methodology to assess CT biological activity, interaction with other plant-specialized metabolites, and associated physiological and nutritional impacts on ruminants.

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Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Interactions Between Condensed Tannins and Protein In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions

et al. 2017

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“…Tannins are widely distributed in plants (Mangan 1988). Tannins form complexes with proteins, reduce their degradation, and increase faecal N excretion (Orlandi et al 2015). The concentration of tannins was high in freeze-dried pasture herbage (12.38 g/kg), but low in supplemented feeds (0.63 and 0.88 g/kg).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of freeze-dried pasture herbage on ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in chickens

Skřivan¹,

Marounek²,

Englmaierová³

et al. 2018

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Skřivan M., Marounek M., Englmaierová M., Skřivanová E., Růnová K. (2018): Effect of freeze-dried pasture herbage on ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in chickens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 63, 222-229.The ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in young chickens fed control diet or experimental diets supplemented with freeze-dried pasture herbage at 20 or 40 g/kg was studied. Control diet contained wheat, maize, and soybean meal. Predominant species in the pasture herbage harvested in May were Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis, and Trifolium pratense. Freeze-dried pasture herbage contained less protein (169 g/kg) and fat (24 g/kg) and more neutral detergent and acid detergent fibre (340 and 210 g/kg) and tannins (12.38 g/kg) than control diet. Concentrations of amino acids, except phenylalanine and threonine, were lower in pasture herbage than in control feed. In both the control feed and freeze-dried pasture herbage, unsaturated fatty acids occurred in higher proportions than saturated fatty acids. In freeze-dried pasture herbage linolenic acid was the main fatty acid. In chickens fed freeze-dried pasture herbage the ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Freeze-dried pasture herbage at 4% in diet had negative effect (P < 0.05) on the digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in comparison with control diet. But there was no significant effect of 2% freeze-dried pasture herbage in diet on amino acids digestibility. This suggests that pasture herbage contains anti-nutritional factors that inhibit proteolysis and lipolysis. The effect of pasture herbage on digestibility was variable. In chickens fed diets containing 4% freeze-dried pasture herbage, apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids varied from 0.39 (cysteine) to 0.91 (methionine). Variability in the ileal digestibility of fatty acids was less pronounced (from 0.65 to 0.89).

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The effects of supplementing Acacia mearnsii tannin extract on dairy cow dry matter intake, milk production, and methane emission in a tropical pasture

Alves

Dall-Orsoletta

Filho

2017

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The study assessed the effect of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract supplementation grazing dairy cows on dry matter (DM) intake, enteric methane (CH) emission, and performance. Twelve Holstein cows were divided into two groups and subjected to two treatments that consisted of millet pasture (Pennisetum glaucum L.) plus supplementation with 6 kg of concentrate (750-g/kg ground corn and 250-g/kg soybean meal) including or excluding 120-g tannin extract. The trial design was a double reversal using three periods of 28 days each, with 21 days for the adaption period, and 7 days for sample collection. Herbage intake was measured using the n-alkane technique, and daily CH emission was measured with the sulfur hexafluoride tracer gas technique. Individual total DM intake (mean = 17.1 kg/day), herbage DM intake (mean = 11.8 kg/day), and milk production (mean = 19.2 kg/day) were similar between treatments. CH emission significantly decreased (32%, P < 0.05) in the animals supplemented with tannin extract, compared to non-supplemented animals. On the other hand, as proportion of DM intake or milk production, methane emission tended to decrease in tannin-supplemented animals. Supplementing dairy cows grazing a millet pasture with 120-g tannin extract reduced daily CH emission without affecting animal performance.

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Digestibility, ruminal fermentation and duodenal flux of amino acids in steers fed grass forage plus concentrate containing increasing levels of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract

Cited by 58 publications

References 29 publications

The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions

The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions

Effect of freeze-dried pasture herbage on ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in chickens

The effects of supplementing Acacia mearnsii tannin extract on dairy cow dry matter intake, milk production, and methane emission in a tropical pasture

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