Digestibility and Cell‐Wall Components of Alfalfa Following Selection for Divergent Herbage Lignin Concentration

Kephart, Kevin D.; Buxton, D. R.; Hill, R. R.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183x003000010045x

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…This last trait acted as a synthetic positive indicator of sulla forage quality, owing to its close association with forage digestibility and intake in major perennial species (e.g. lucerne; Kephart et al 1990) and, specifically for sulla, its inverse relationship with neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content and its positive association with protein content (Borreani et al 2003). Intra-population variation was estimated by the phenotypic variation for main-stem length across 16 random plants per plot, expressing it as within-plot standard deviation value as in the assessment by UPOV ( …”

Section: Evaluation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-physiological and adaptive variation of Italian germplasm of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.)

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Sulla is a biennial forage legume native to the central-western Mediterranean Basin and has increasing interest for regions with Mediterranean-climate. The Italian germplasm is a reservoir of variation for important agronomic traits. This study aimed to support breeding programs by investigating patterns of agronomic, adaptive and morpho-physiological variation among ecotypes collected from the three main Italian regions of species cultivation: central Italy, and the two islands of Sicily and Sardinia. Forage yield and morpho-physiological traits were evaluated at a site with Mediterranean climate in Sicily. Forage yield and cold tolerance in a cold-prone site of northern Italy were also assessed, to locate useful germplasm for widening crop resilience and climatic adaptability. Collection regions, and ecotypes within regions, differed for total forage yield and final plant survival, but their responses were subjected to interactions with test location. Specific adaptation dominated the adaptive responses of ecotypes and elite commercial varieties. Ecotype adaptation to cold winter was associated with latitude and, more specifically, the extent of cold stress in collecting sites. The ecotype collection region had a bearing also on morpho-physiological characteristics. A few ecotypes from central Italy performed outstandingly with respect to elite varieties, displaying wide adaptation across cold-prone and drought-prone environments.

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Section: Evaluation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-physiological and adaptive variation of Italian germplasm of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.)

et al. 2014

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“…The direct selection in forages for cell wall components has been conducted less frequently than for IVDMD or NDF concentration. Alfalfa was selected for low and high ADL concentrations (Hill, 1981), but because selection was imposed on total herbage the observed changes in ADL were primarily caused by shifts in leaf-tostem ratio between the low and high ADL selection lines (Kephart et al, 1989(Kephart et al, , 1990). Selection in corn or maize (Zea mays L.) vegetative tissue for divergent concentrations of ADF resulted in genetic alteration of NDF, ADF, and ADL concentrations for both leaf sheath and stem tissues (Buendgen et al, 1990).…”

Section: Modification Of Biomass Quality Via Traditional Plant Brementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Modification of Herbaceous Plants for Feed and Fuel

Vogel

Jung

2001

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

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Abstract:Much of the research on the genetic modification of herbaceous plant cell walls has been conducted to improve the utilization of forages by ruminant livestock. The rumen of these animals is basically an anaerobic fermentation vat in which the microflora break down the complex polysaccharides of plant cell walls into simpler compounds that can be further digested and absorbed by the mammalian digestive system. Research on improving the forage digestibility of switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L., and other herbaceous species has demonstrated that genetic improvements can be made in forage quality that can have significant economic value. To meet future energy needs, herbaceous biomass will need to be converted into a liquid fuel, probably ethanol, via conversion technologies still under development. If feedstock quality can be genetically improved, the economics and efficiency of the conversion processes could be significantly enhanced. Improving an agricultural product for improved end product use via genetic modification requires knowledge of desired quality attributes, the relative economic value of the quality parameters in relation to yield, genetic variation for the desired traits, or for molecular breeding, knowledge of genes to suppress or add, and knowledge of any associated negative consequences of genetic manipulation. Because conversion technology is still under development, desirable plant feedstock characteristics have not been completely delineated. Some traits such as cellulose and lignin concentration will undoubtably be important. Once traits that affect biomass feedstock conversion are identified, it will be highly feasible to genetically modify the feedstock quality of herbaceous plants using both conventional and molecular breeding techniques. The use of molecular markers and transformation technology will greatly enhance the capability of breeders to modify the morphologic structure and cell walls of herbaceous species. It will be necessary to monitor gene flow to remnant wild populations of biomass plants and have strategies available to curtail gene flow if it becomes a potential problem. It will also be necessary to monitor plant survival and longterm productivity as affected by these genetic changes to herbaceous species.

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“…For example, selection was effective for reduced NDF in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceae L.) (Surprenant et al 1988), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) (Han et al 2001;Casler 1999Casler , 2002, and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) (Claessens et al 2004(Claessens et al , 2005. Furthermore, selection was successful for increased neutral detergent soluble fiber (NDSF) or pectin (Fonseca et al 1999;Tecle et al 2006), reduced ADF (Coors et al 1986) and lignin in alfalfa (Kephart et al 1990), reduced ADF, CEL, HEM, and LIG in smooth bromegrass (Carpenter and Casler 1990), reduced ADF, LIG and CEL, and reduced ratios of LIG to CEL, LIG to HEM, LIG to HEM'CEL, and increased ratio of HEM to CEL in timothy (Claessens et al 2004(Claessens et al , 2005. Generally, in all these studies phenotypic selection for increased NDSF, or reduced NDF, ADF, and LIG lignin concentrations resulted in improved forage digestibility.…”

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Divergent phenotypic selection for alfalfa cell wall fractions and indirect response in digestibility

Tecle¹,

Hansen²,

Pell³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2008. Divergent phenotypic selection for alfalfa cell wall fractions and indirect response in digestibility. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 891Á898. An alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) breeding strategy to decrease slowly digestible or indigestible fiber and simultaneously increase digestible fiber could improve forage quality without reducing total fiber. The objectives were: (1) to estimate selection responses from divergent and opposite direction selections of (i) hemicellulose (HEM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), (ii) acid detergent lignin (LIG) and HEM'cellulose (CEL) and (iii) CEL and HEM'LIG, and (2) to determine correlated responses in in vitro true digestibility (IVTD). Selection progress was evaluated in replicated plot trials at two locations, sampled for 2 or 3 yr. Selection for divergent HEM and ADF resulted in change only for ADF [10.9 g kg (1 dry matter (DM)]. Selection for divergent LIG and HEM' CEL, resulted in same direction change in LIG (3.3 g kg(1 DM). Selection for divergent CEL and HEM'LIG resulted in change only in CEL (5.1 g kg(1 DM). Low LIG and high HEM'CEL, and low ADF and high HEM populations had 9.7 and 8.3 g kg(1 DM higher IVTD than their counterparts, respectively. The first cycle of selection for the fiber components simultaneously in the opposite directions was not successful. However, reduced LIG or ADF concentration appears to increase alfalfa forage digestibility and decrease total fiber concentration.

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Digestibility and Cell‐Wall Components of Alfalfa Following Selection for Divergent Herbage Lignin Concentration

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Morpho-physiological and adaptive variation of Italian germplasm of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.)

Morpho-physiological and adaptive variation of Italian germplasm of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.)

Genetic Modification of Herbaceous Plants for Feed and Fuel

Divergent phenotypic selection for alfalfa cell wall fractions and indirect response in digestibility

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