Diffusion-weighted MRI with parallel imaging technique: apparent diffusion coefficient determination in normal kidneys and in nonmalignant renal diseases

Macarini, Luca; Stoppino, Luca Pio; Milillo, Paola; Ciuffreda, Pierangela; Fortunato, Francesca; Vinci, Roberta

doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2009.09.007

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This aspect is a significant problem that has not been solved; indeed, several authors using different b values have not come to superimposable results [40]. In agreement with data reported by Macarini et al [38], with reduced acquisition times, the value of the "b" factor of approximately 600-700 used in our study can be considered an acceptable compromise between image quality, affected by a high "b", which reduces the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and a weighting of the "real" diffusion that is more faithful and true with these values. As recommended by Fukuda et al [41], the ROI cursors were placed at the level of the middle third of the kidney in correspondence with the cortico-medullary junction, as the evaluation of ADC values in the central portion of the kidneys is less influenced by the perfusion effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In selected subjects with a proper clinical laboratory grading, it was interesting to note how the inflammatory disease could be identified not only on the basis of the hyperintense signal on DW-MRI, with high b factor and with hypointensity on the ADC map, but also as a result of a calculation of the attenuation coefficient after ROI positioning, with the lowest result compared with that obtained on areas of healthy parenchyma at the corticomedullary junction [38]. The results derived from estimates, especially for lesions of limited dimensions, still encounter uncertainties because of the choice of the "b" factor, for the inter-operator variability in measuring with ROI ADC values of some specific areas, as well as on the possible differences between the magnets (either from different manufacturers or because of different field strengths of devices of the same company) [38,39]. This aspect is a significant problem that has not been solved; indeed, several authors using different b values have not come to superimposable results [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different studies [23,31,32,38,42] have calculated the intrinsic proton diffusion in the abdominal organs and, in particular, in the kidneys. In the literature the normal reported values range from 1.60 to 2.65×10 −3 mm 2 s −1 , probably in relation to the breadth of the diffusion gradient used (500-1,300 s/mm 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: new perspectives in the diagnostic pathway of non-complicated acute pyelonephritis

et al. 2013

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Objectives The diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) requires demonstration of parenchymal involvement. When no predisposing conditions are found, non-complicated APN is suspected and CT or MRI should be performed. Diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI might be useful, quicker and cheaper than the standard gadolinium-enhanced (GE) MRI. The aim of this study is to compare DW-MRI with GE-MRI to test its diagnostic accuracy in APN. Methods Of 318 consecutive patients hospitalised for APN, 279 underwent MRI. Four hundred and fourteen MR studies (first test and follow-up examinations) were gathered and data were processed using Diffusion Analysis software. DW-MRI has been compared with GE-MRI for evaluating diagnostic agreement. Results Two hundred and forty-four patients were diagnosed as having APN; 35 were negative. One hundred and sixty-three APN cases were considered non-complicated and selected for the study. Among the 414 MR examinations, comparing DW-MRI with GE-MRI, positive correlation was found in 258 cases, negative in 133. There were 14 falsenegatives and 9 false-positives. DW-MRI achieved sensitivity 95.2 %, specificity 94.9 %, positive predictive value 96.9 %, negative predictive value 92.3 % and accuracy 94.6 %. Conclusions DW-MRI is reliable for diagnosing noncomplicated APN. The high diagnostic agreement between DW-MRI and GE-MRI offers new perspectives in diagnostic management, enabling diagnosis of non-complicated APN without using ionising radiation or contrast media. Key Points • The diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) requires demonstration of renal involvement.• Hitherto magnetic resonance imaging required gadolinium enhancement (GE-MRI) to establish this diagnosis.• But diagnostic agreement between diffusion-weighted and GE-MRI offers new diagnostic opportunities.• Quantification of ADC values can help diagnose and monitor APN.• DW-MRI avoids ionising radiation and paramagnetic contrast medium administration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: new perspectives in the diagnostic pathway of non-complicated acute pyelonephritis

et al. 2013

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“…Chronic kidney disease has been shown to affect diffusion in the kidneys with reduction in ADC (increased restriction of diffusion) as the glomerular filtration rate drops [16]. Comparison of ADC values with degree of CKD on biopsy specimens also showed a clear correlation with increased degree of pathology associated with decreased ADC values.…”

Section: Chronic Kidney Disease (Ckd)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Non-oncologic applications of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the genitourinary system

et al. 2015

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an increasingly used tool in abdominal and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), primarily in the oncologic setting. DWI sequences are being added to routine MRI protocols at many institutions, and as its use has spread, more non-oncologic applications have been explored. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of DWI applications in inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune-mediated, and ischemic processes affecting the genitourinary system.

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“…Some abdominal organs have been extensively studied by DW-MRI (8-10) , for assessing either focal or diffuse lesions. In adrenal glands, ADC values have mainly been used for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions (11-15) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent diffusion coefficient of normal adrenal glands

Teixeira¹,

Elias²,

Leite³

et al. 2016

Radiol Bras

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ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility and reliability of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of normal adrenal glands.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective study involving 32 healthy subjects, divided into two groups: prepubertal (PreP, n = 12), aged from 2 months to 12.5 years (4 males; 8 females); and postpubertal (PostP, n = 20), aged from 11.9 to 61 years (5 males; 15 females). Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) sequences were acquired at a 1.5 T scanner using b values of 0, 20, 500, and 1000 s/mm2. Two radiologists evaluated the images. ADC values were measured pixel-by-pixel on DW-MRI scans, and automatic co-registration with the ADC map was obtained.ResultsMean ADC values for the right adrenal glands were 1.44 × 10-3 mm2/s for the PreP group and 1.23 × 10-3 mm2/s for the PostP group, whereas they were 1.58 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.32 × 10-3 mm2/s, respectively, for the left glands. ADC values were higher in the PreP group than in the PostP group (p < 0.05). Agreement between readers was almost perfect (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.84-0.94; p < 0.05).ConclusionOur results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of performing DW-MRI measurements of normal adrenal glands. They could also support the feasibility of ADC measurements of small structures.

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Diffusion-weighted MRI with parallel imaging technique: apparent diffusion coefficient determination in normal kidneys and in nonmalignant renal diseases

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: new perspectives in the diagnostic pathway of non-complicated acute pyelonephritis

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: new perspectives in the diagnostic pathway of non-complicated acute pyelonephritis

Non-oncologic applications of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the genitourinary system

Apparent diffusion coefficient of normal adrenal glands

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