Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Liver Using TRacking Only Navigator Echo

Abstract

TRON offers sharp diffusion-weighted images of the liver using an efficient scan time, making it an excellent alternative to RT and FB DWI. The moderate to poor agreement in ADCs of liver metastases between TRON and RT DWI requires further investigation.

Focal liver lesions detection: Comparison of respiratory-triggering, triggering and tracking navigator and tracking-only navigator in diffusion-weighted imaging

“…Our results are in disagreement with a previous study that reported an equal image quality between the TRON and RT sequences [20]. Takahara et al evaluated the TRON sequence compared to RT and FB techniques, using a b value of 50 s/mm 2 in young healthy volunteers.…”

“…The combined effect in the TT technique of the sampling in end expiratory phase and the tracking due to the navigator-echo, may explain these observations. The absence of difference concerning the stair-step artifacts between the TRON and RT sequences in our study is in agreement with the results of the work of Takahara et al [20]. However, our results are in disagreement with the study of Ivancevic et al reporting less stair-step artifacts with TRON in comparison with RT and FB.…”

“…Few reports have been published evaluating the TRON, limited by a low number of subjects and assessing only image quality [19][20][21].…”

Motion artifact reduction of diffusion‐weighted MRI of the liver: Use of velocity‐compensated diffusion gradients combined with tetrahedral gradients

“…The right‐to‐left differences in visual signal loss suggest the need for further improvement. The use of the tracking only navigator echo technique (24), instead of respiratory triggering, provides sharp DW images in a shorter acquisition time. The combination of such a technique appears to be worth investigating.…”

Real-Time Ultrasonography-Computed Tomography Fusion Imaging for Staging of Hepatic Metastatic Involvement in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

“…7,13,14,19 -23,51-54 Developments in MR technologies and MR contrast media may further improve the diagnostic assessment of liver lesions. [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] Moreover, MRI has been reported to be cost efficient in the preoperative evaluation of surgical candidates with colorectal liver metastases. 64 However, the availability of MRI is limited and costly to rule out the low risk of hepatic metastatic involvement in the large number of about 10% to 40% patients with colorectal cancer with small unclear liver lesions found on the initial CT staging scan.…”