Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver: Technical Challenges and Prospects for the Future

Naganawa, Shinji; Kawai, Hisashi; Fukatsu, Hiroshi; Sakurai, Yasuo; Aoki, Ikuo; Miura, Shunichi; Mimura, Takeo; Kanazawa, Hideko; Ishigaki, Takeo

doi:10.2463/mrms.4.175

Cited by 135 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…If the fat suppression technique was diŠerent from our methods or superparamagnetic iron oxide was used simultaneously, the results obtained might be changed from those of this paper. 17 Furthermore, respiratory triggering itself was not the ideal solution to compensate for the respiratory motion of the liver. The result of this paper also revealed that three of 30 patients showed respiratory misregistration even in RT-DWI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Simultaneous Use of Respiratory Triggering in Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver

et al. 2006

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Objective: To determine the eŠect of simultaneous use of respiratory triggering in hepatic diŠusion-weighted imaging (DWI), we compared DWI with respiratory triggering (RT-DWI) and DWI under free breathing (FB-DWI) in terms of relative contrast between hepatic tumor and surrounding liver parenchyma, apparent diŠusion coe‹cient (ADC) measurement, and frequency of respiratory misregistration. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients (21 men, 9 women, aged 25 to 80 years) with liver metastasis or hepatocellular carcinoma in the right hepatic lobe were examined with RT-and FB-DWI. In patients having multiple tumors, up to 3 lesions were selected by mutual agreement of 2 diagnostic radiologists. Finally, 59 nodules were selected for evaluation. Relative contrast ratio (RCR) between the lesions and surrounding parenchyma and ADC were measured in each hepatic lesion in each sequence. The diŠerences in RCR and ADC between RT-and FB-DWI were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed rank test. The frequency of respiratory misregistration advents in each sequence was visually evaluated by the 2 diagnostic radiologists and assessed using McNemar's test.Results: RCRs were signiˆcantly higher in RT-than in FB-DWI (Pº0.001). The diŠer-ence in ADC between the 2 sequences was not signiˆcant. However, ADCs tended to be more scattered in FB-than in RT-DWI. The frequency of respiratory misregistration advents was signiˆcantly higher in FB-than in RT-DWI.Conclusion: FB-was inferior to RT-DWI in both contrast between tumors and surrounding liver parenchyma and in accuracy of ADC measurement as far as the numbers of excitation in each sequence were the same. For preoperative examination of hepatic resection, RT-is more suitable than FB-DWI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Simultaneous Use of Respiratory Triggering in Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver

et al. 2006

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“…Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (DWI) offers high lesion-to-background contrast and allows quantifying diffusion by means of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements, making it a valuable technique for the detection and characterization of liver lesions [1,2], and characterization of the liver parenchyma itself [3,4]. However, signal loss in DWI and artificially elevated ADCs have been reported to occur in the left liver lobe [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cardiac motion on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the liver

Kwee

Takahara

Niwa

et al. 2009

Magn Reson Mater Phy

101

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Purpose To assess cardiac motion-induced signal loss in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) of the liver using dynamic DWI. Materials and methods Three volunteers underwent dynamic coronal DWI of the liver under breathholding, in the diastolic (DWI diast ) or systolic (DWI syst ) cardiac phase, and with motion probing gradients (MPGs) in phase encoding (P, left-right), frequency encoding (M, superior-inferior), or slice select (S, anterior-posterior) direction. Liver-to-background contrasts (LBCs) of DWI syst were compared to those of DWI diast , for both the left and right liver lobes, using nonparametric tests. Signal decrease ratios (SDRs) were calculated as (1 (median 3.35) were significantly lower (P < 0.0001) than those of DWI diast (median 4.84). In the right liver lobe, LBCs of DWI syst (median 4.17) were also significantly lower (P < 0.0001) than those of DWI diast (median 5.35). SDRs of the left and right liver lobes were 25.5% and 17.3%, respectively. In DWI syst , the significantly lowest (P < 0.05) LBCs were observed in the M direction (left liver lobe) and P direction (right liver lobe) of MPGs. Conclusion Signal intensity of both liver lobes are affected by cardiac motion in DWI. In the left liver lobe, signal loss especially occurs in the superior-inferior direction of MPGs, whereas in the right lobe, signal loss especially occurs in the left-right direction of MPGs.

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“…Recent advances have made it feasible to apply diffusion MRI techniques for abdominal imaging. 36 In hepatic fibrosis, it is thought that collagen is not rich in free unbound water. Thus, the accumulation of fibrosis causes a reduction in the amount of water proton diffusion in affected liver tissue.…”

Section: Novel Mr Applications For In Vivo Detection Of Hepatic Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the accumulation of fibrosis causes a reduction in the amount of water proton diffusion in affected liver tissue. 36,37 Recent advances in MRI technology have facilitated the performance of diffusion-weighted MRI of the liver. Previous experience with physiological motion artifacts and poor image resolution have been addressed by the use of faster pulse sequences, cardiac and respiratory triggering, and modifying the acquisition to allow data collection during suspended respiration.…”

Section: Novel Mr Applications For In Vivo Detection Of Hepatic Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging of hepatic fibrosis: Emerging clinical applications

et al. 2007

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Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis remains a major public health problem worldwide. While the majority of complications from chronic liver disease result from progressive hepatic fibrosis, the available diagnostic tests used in clinical practice are not sensitive or specific enough to detect occult liver injury at early or intermediate stages. While liver biopsy can stage the extent of fibrosis at diagnosis, its utility as a tool for longitudinal monitoring will be limited at the population level. To date, a number of methods including serum marker panels and ultrasound-based transient elastrography have been proposed for the non-invasive identification of hepatic fibrosis. Novel techniques including magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, diffusion weighted MR, and MR elastography have also emerged for detecting fibrosis. In contrast to other non-invasive methods, MR imaging holds the promise of providing functional and biological information about hepatic pathophysiology as it relates to the natural history and future treatment of hepatic fibrosis. (HEPATOLOGY 2008;47:332-342.)

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Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver: Technical Challenges and Prospects for the Future

Cited by 135 publications

References 38 publications

The Effect of Simultaneous Use of Respiratory Triggering in Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver

The Effect of Simultaneous Use of Respiratory Triggering in Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Liver

Influence of cardiac motion on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the liver

Magnetic resonance imaging of hepatic fibrosis: Emerging clinical applications

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