Diffusion of Water into Silica Glass at Low Temperature

Wakabayashi, Hajimu; Tomozawa, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb05990.x

Cited by 136 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The timeframe to dissolve a layer of Mg with the initial thickness h 0 is defi ned by the material itself, as given in Equation (21) . Figure 2 b shows an encapsulation layer of MgO with initial experiments, such as 0.069 nm s − 1 in the citric acid-Na 2 HPO 4 buffer system with PH 7.4 [ 12 ] and 0.096 nm s − 1 in conventional chloride solution.…”

Section: Double-layer Reactive Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Model of Reactive Diffusion for Transient Electronics

Cheng²,

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

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Transient electronics is a class of technology that involves components which physically disappear, in whole or in part, at prescribed rates and at programmed times. Enabled devices include medical monitors that fully resorb when implanted into the human body (“bio‐resorbable”) to avoid long‐term adverse effects, or environmental monitors that dissolve when exposed to water (“eco‐resorbable”) to eliminate the need for collection and recovery. Analytical models for dissolution of the constituent materials represent important design tools for transient electronic systems that are configured to disappear in water or biofluids. Here, solutions for reactive‐diffusion are presented in single‐ and double‐layered structures, in which the remaining thicknesses and electrical resistances are obtained analytically. The dissolution time and rate are defined in terms of the reaction constants and diffusivities of the materials, the thicknesses of the layer, and other properties of materials and solution. These models agree well with the experiments for single layers of Mg and SiO2, and double layers of Mg/MgO. The underlying physical constants extracted from analysis fall within a broad range previously reported in other studies; these constants can be extremely sensitive to the morphologies of the materials, temperature, and the PH value, concentration, and properties of the surrounding liquid.

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Section: Double-layer Reactive Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Model of Reactive Diffusion for Transient Electronics

Cheng²,

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Native and exposed ashes were run both with and without vacuum drying. Infrared analysis of water in glass and applications in the geological sciences has a long and extensive history, including the studies of fluid and melt inclusions (Bartholomew & Butler 1980;Wakabayashi 1989;Newman et al, 1986;Metrich and Wallace, 2008). Determining water concentration in a small and irregular glass fragments or mica (e.g.…”

Section: Isotope Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of rates and mechanisms of isotope exchange (O, H) between volcanic ash and isotopically-labeled water

Nolan

Bindeman

2013

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…3) Some researchers have reported that water can collapse the composition of glass under extreme conditions, and borosilicate glass is no exception. [4][5][6][7][8][9] In addition to water, other elements in drug solutions are known to induce the collapse of glass surfaces. Ennis et al 10) evaluated the tendencies of delamination from borosilicate glass vials based on the fact that the cidofovir injectable drug product formed glass delamination, and they concluded that the high pH of the solution enhanced the corrosive attack on the inner surface of the glass container, resulting in delamination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phosphate Buffer in Parenteral Drugs on Particle Formation from Glass Vials

Ogawa

Miyajima

Wakiyama

et al. 2013

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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The characteristics of inorganic particles generated in glass vials filled with phosphate buffer solutions were investigated. During storage, particles were visually detected in the phosphate buffer solution in particular glass vials which pass compendial tests of containers for injectable drugs. These particles were considered to be different from ordinal glass delamination, which has been reported in a number of papers because the particles were mainly composed of Al, P and O, but not Si. The formation of the particles accelerated at higher storage temperatures. Among the surface treatments tested for the glass vials, sulfur treatment showed a protective effect on the particle formation in the vials, whereas the SiO 2 coating did not have any protective effects. It was found that the elution ratio of Al and Si in the solution stored in the glass vials after the heating was similar to the ratio of Al and Si in borosilicate glass. However, the Al concentration decreased during storage (5°C, 6 months), and consequently, particle formation was observed in the solution. Adding citrate, which is a chelating agent for Al, effectively suppressed the particle formation in the heated solution. When 50 ppb and higher concentrations of Al ion were added to the phosphate buffer solution, the formation of white particles containing Al, P and O was detected. It is suggested that a phosphate buffer solution in a borosilicate glass vial has the ability to form particles due to interactions with the Al that is eluted from the glass during storage.Key words aluminum; borosilicate glass; tubing vial; aluminum phosphate complex The primary packaging system for a sterile drug product should provide adequate protection against any contamination from the external environment, and this protection should be assured during the entire shelf life of the product. In contrast, particularly for liquid, injectable drugs, components of the drugs are always in contact with the surface of the packaging component during storage. Therefore, during the course of formulation development of injectable drugs, it is essential to evaluate the physicochemical compatibility between the drug formulation and the packaging components to select appropriate primary packaging systems. 1,2) Among the packaging materials that are compatible with injectable drug solutions, glass containers, such as vials or ampoules, have been widely chosen and used. For parenteral drug products, borosilicate glasses (Type I) composed principally of silicon dioxide and boric oxides and soda-lime glasses composed of relatively high levels of sodium oxide and calcium oxide are used. Borosilicate glasses in particular are known to have a good chemical durability and are used commonly in the pharmaceutical industry as the primary container. However, these glass containers, even when made from borosilicate glasses, will unavoidably suffer some undesirable events from being in contact with the drug solutions in longterm storage. In certain cases, insoluble particle formation occurs in g...

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Diffusion of Water into Silica Glass at Low Temperature

Cited by 136 publications

References 14 publications

An Analytical Model of Reactive Diffusion for Transient Electronics

An Analytical Model of Reactive Diffusion for Transient Electronics

Experimental investigation of rates and mechanisms of isotope exchange (O, H) between volcanic ash and isotopically-labeled water

Effects of Phosphate Buffer in Parenteral Drugs on Particle Formation from Glass Vials

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