Diffusion of Complete Streets Policies Across US Communities

Moreland-Russell, Sarah; Eyler, Amy A.; Barbero, Colleen; Hipp, J. Aaron; Walsh, Heidi A.

doi:10.1097/phh.0b013e3182849ec2

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The dissimilarity in variable coefficients was not a factor of one county alone but was a factor of multiple proximal counties, perhaps because of policy and programmatic spillover from neighboring counties and diffusion of innovation (20). The percentage of nonwhite population in a county had the greatest effect in the Southeast and the Rockies, from Arizona and New Mexico to Idaho and Montana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis and Correlates of County-Level Diabetes Prevalence, 2009–2010

Hipp¹,

Chalise²

2015

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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IntroductionInformation on the relationship between diabetes prevalence and built environment attributes could allow public health programs to better target populations at risk for diabetes. This study sought to determine the spatial prevalence of diabetes in the United States and how this distribution is associated with the geography of common diabetes correlates.MethodsData from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Census Bureau were integrated to perform geographically weighted regression at the county level on the following variables: percentage nonwhite population, percentage Hispanic population, education level, percentage unemployed, percentage living below the federal poverty level, population density, percentage obese, percentage physically inactive, percentage population that cycles or walks to work, and percentage neighborhood food deserts.ResultsWe found significant spatial clustering of county-level diabetes prevalence in the United States; however, diabetes prevalence was inconsistently correlated with significant predictors. Percentage living below the federal poverty level and percentage nonwhite population were associated with diabetes in some regions. The percentage of population cycling or walking to work was the only significant built environment–related variable correlated with diabetes, and this association varied in magnitude across the nation.ConclusionSociodemographic and built environment–related variables correlated with diabetes prevalence in some regions of the United States. The variation in magnitude and direction of these relationships highlights the need to understand local context in the prevention and maintenance of diabetes. Geographically weighted regression shows promise for public health research in detecting variations in associations between health behaviors, outcomes, and predictors across geographic space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis and Correlates of County-Level Diabetes Prevalence, 2009–2010

Hipp¹,

Chalise²

2015

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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“…This approach incorporates needed infrastructure for individuals of all ages and abilities, whether they travel by car or public transit, by foot, bicycle, wheelchair, or stroller [65,66]. Complete Streets consider traffic features and calming elements to encourage safe, multi-modal travel options.…”

Section: Transportation and Walkabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environments and Active Living in Rural and Remote Areas: a Review of the Literature

et al. 2015

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Rural children and adults are more likely to have obesity than their urban counterparts even after adjustment for individual-level behaviors, suggesting that rural environments may promote obesity. The rural built environment may be an important area of research that can help us understand rural-urban disparities in obesity. The purpose of this review is to summarize the rural built environment and active living literature, and to address key issues, gaps, and observations in the field. A literature review was conducted in spring 2015 to identify research published from 2000 to 2015. Our review suggests that limited active living built environments in rural communities and unique rural barriers to physical activity may contribute to a higher prevalence of obesity compared to urban populations. More empirical research is needed to build the evidence-base for the association between rural built environments, active living, and obesity. School- and community-based policies that expand active living opportunities in rural areas should also be closely examined.

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“…21 Recommended policies are varied in focus and scope and include such things as programmatic adoption (e.g., Safe Routes to School 108 ), instructional policy (e.g., Physical Education mandates 109 ), voluntary programmatic policies (e.g., the North Carolina Afterschool PA Standards 110 ), facility use policies (e.g., shared use agreements 111 ), school level policies (e.g., Comprehensive School PA Programs 112 ), transportation policies (e.g., Complete Streets 113 ), zoning and planning policies (e.g., Smart Growth 114 ), and targeted funding for implementation of community level activities (e.g., North Carolina Eat Smart Move More Community Grants program 115 ). Most of these policies involve the school at some level, be it facility usage or instructional time allocation.…”

Section: Policy Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Active Living: A Call to Action

Meyer

Moore

Abildso

et al. 2016

Journal of Public Health Management and Practice

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Rural residents are less physically active than their urban counterparts and disproportionately affected by chronic diseases and conditions associated with insufficient activity. While the ecological model has been successful in promoting and translating active living research in urban settings, relatively little research has been conducted in rural settings. The resulting research gap prohibits a comprehensive understanding and application of solutions for active living in rural America. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to assess the evidence-base for an ecological model of active living for rural populations and outline key scientific gaps that inhibit the development and application of solutions. Specifically, we reexamined the four domains conceptualized by the model and suggest there is a dearth of research specific to rural communities across all areas of the framework. Considering the limited rural-specific efforts, we propose areas that need addressing in order to mobilize rural active living researchers and practitioners into action.

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Diffusion of Complete Streets Policies Across US Communities

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Spatial Analysis and Correlates of County-Level Diabetes Prevalence, 2009–2010

Spatial Analysis and Correlates of County-Level Diabetes Prevalence, 2009–2010

Built Environments and Active Living in Rural and Remote Areas: a Review of the Literature

Rural Active Living: A Call to Action

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