Diffusion of cations in chromia layers grown on iron-base alloys

Lobnig, R. E.; Schmidt, Harald; Hennesen, K.; Grabke, H. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00665632

Cited by 334 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The external scale consists [9] of an outer layer of MnCr 2 O 4 and a thicker, inner layer of Cr 2 O 3. This is the usual scale constitution developed by heat resisting steels [1][2][3], and reflects their high chromium concentrations and the rapid diffusion of manganese in Cr 2 O 3 [10]. This selective oxidation of chromium is accompanied by subsurface alloy depletion, made evident in this region (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Subsurface microstructural changes in a cast heat resisting alloy caused by high temperature corrosion

Oquab

Monceau

et al. 2010

Corrosion Science

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author -deposited version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID: 3807 b s t r a c tA cast HP ModNb alloy (Fe-25Cr-35Ni-1Nb, wt.%) was oxidised and carburised in CO-CO 2 corresponding to a C = 0.1 and p O 2 = 3 Â 10 À16 atm at 1080°C. Formation of an external, chromium-rich oxide scale led to depletion of this metal in a deep alloy subsurface zone. Within that zone, secondary chromium-rich carbides dissolved, primary carbides oxidised, solute silicon and aluminium internally oxidised, and extensive porosity developed. Pore volumes correspond to the difference between metal loss by scaling and metal displacement by internal oxidation, assuming the scale-metal interface to be fixed. The pores are concluded to be Kirkendall voids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Subsurface microstructural changes in a cast heat resisting alloy caused by high temperature corrosion

Oquab

Monceau

et al. 2010

Corrosion Science

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“…The formation of an outer spinel layer is common for such alloys. It results from the rapid diffusion of manganese through Cr 2 O 3 [12], and the stability of MnCr 2 O 4 . The different amounts of spinel formed on the two alloys reflect their relative manganese levels, and the greater amounts formed at the higher temperature result from the faster diffusion of manganese through the underlying chromia.…”

Section: Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Xu¹,

Monceau²,

Young³

et al. 2008

Corrosion Science

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. b s t r a c tTwo commercial variants of the cast heat resistant grade HP40Nb (Fe-25Cr-35Ni, Nb modified) were exposed to CO/CO 2 gases at 982 and 1080°C in order to simulate exposure to the carbon and oxygen potentials realised in steam reformers under normal and overheated conditions. Both alloys developed external chromium-rich oxide scales, intradendritic silica precipitates and interdendritic oxide protrusions where primary, interdendritic carbides were oxidised in situ. Surprisingly, the lower silicon content alloy developed a more continuous internal silica layer, thereby slowing external scaling. Intradendritic oxidation was fast in both alloys, and is attributed to interfacial oxygen diffusion. Both alloys underwent rapid internal carburisation, indicating that their oxide scales failed to prevent carbon access to the underlying alloys under these reaction conditions.

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“…Oxide-sulfide scales can form on commonly used materials, like Fe alloys, in oxygen and sulphur-containing atmospheres [13][14][15][16][17]. The presented results concern the early stage of the scale growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fe 1-x S, where 0<x<1) and spinel of steels components (e.g. Fe 1-x Cr x S) [14][15]. Sulphides and metal oxides occur because of the reaction between metal and products of SO 2 dissociation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Chemical Composition of Fe-Cr Alloy Tempered in High Temperature and Atmosphere Containing Ar-SO2

Radziszewska¹,

Kranzmann²,

Dörfel³

et al. 2016

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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MIcrostructure and cheMIcal coMposItIon of fe-cr alloy teMpered In hIgh teMperature and atMosphere contaInIng ar-so2The paper presents the microstructure, chemical and phase composition of thin scale, obtained as a result of hightemperature corrosion of X20Cr13 stainless steel. Samples were exposed to gas atmosphere of the following composition: 0.25 vol.% of SO2 and 99.75 vol.% of Ar at 600 °C for 5 h. As a consequence, thin compact scale was formed on steel surface. This scale consisted of three different zones. An amorphous zone was formed close to steel surface. Then, nanocrystalline zone could be observed. Finally, larger grains were formed during the corrosion process. The analysis of the chemical composition revealed higher concentration of chromium near steel surface. In contrast, to chromium, the content of iron, increased near the scale surface. It was found out that the (Cr, Mn, Fe)5O12 phase appeared in the thin scale.

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Diffusion of cations in chromia layers grown on iron-base alloys

Cited by 334 publications

References 21 publications

Subsurface microstructural changes in a cast heat resisting alloy caused by high temperature corrosion

Subsurface microstructural changes in a cast heat resisting alloy caused by high temperature corrosion

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Microstructure and Chemical Composition of Fe-Cr Alloy Tempered in High Temperature and Atmosphere Containing Ar-SO2

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