Diffusion kurtosis imaging predicts neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses within 4 days in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

Abstract

Both DKI and monoexponential DWI showed potential to predict treatment response to NAC prior to morphological change. DKI may be superior to monoexponential DWI for predicting early response to NAC in patients with locally advanced NPC.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Can Pretreatment DWI Predict Local Failure Based on Long-Term Outcome?

“…22 Therefore, it could be postulated that NPCs with high ADCs are more likely to have a poor outcome compared with those with low ADCs. Currently, there are only a few NPC DWI studies that have correlated diffusion parameters with tumor characteristics at diagnosis, such as T-stage, 23,24 early intratreatment response, 25 and posttreatment response. [12][13][14][15]26 Regarding using pretreatment tumor ADC to predict posttreatment response, 12-15 3 of these studies were based on short-term outcome at the end or 3 months after the end of treatment.…”

Advanced diffusion models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: Goodness of fit, relationships among diffusion parameters and comparison with dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion

“…Advanced fitting models for DWI were recently described [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. For example, a model using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) was proposed; by using the bi-exponential decay function, it divides the fast and slow diffusion components, which reflects the true tissue diffusivity and capillary perfusion, respectively [7,8].…”

“…A diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) model also uses the diffusion distribution information. In this method, the degree of difference (= kurtosis value) from the Gaussian distribution in the water diffusion distribution is calculated by the Taylor expansion, and this kurtosis value was used for the correction of the multiple b-value signal decay curve [8,13]. These different non-Gaussian diffusion models can fit the diffusion signal decay curve more precisely, reflecting tissue characteristics such as lesions of the capillary network, the extracellular extravascular space (EES), and the cellular space more clearly and in greater detail.…”

“…Image acquisition was performed using a three-dimensional (3D)-T1 fast field echo (T1-FFE) sequence. The MR parameters for the dynamic data acquisition were as follows: TR, 6.1 ms; TE, 1. perform these parameter calculations, we used the following equations [7,[9][10][11][12][13]:…”

Residual tumour detection in post-treatment granulation tissue by using advanced diffusion models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients

“…The details of tissue microstructure can be assessed using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which reveals the micro-water diffusion; this indirectly reflects aspects of the microstructural architecture such as the cell membrane [8]. Compared to the conventional model of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained by mono-exponential fitting, multiple advanced models have been reported to well reflect the complicated signal decay of multiple b-value data in DWI [9][10][11][12]. Such advanced models can reflect the microstructural information in greater detail and may detect residual tumour in post-treatment granulation tissues.…”