Diffusion in Synthetic Grain Boundaries

Gec, M.; Toplišek, T.; Šrot, Vesna; Dražić, Goran; Kobe, Spomenka; Aken, Peter A. van; Čeh, Miran

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-85226-1_409

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“…Using of a similar pressureswirl nozzle in a diesel reformer is referred in Ref. [10]. • Fuel evaporation utilising the heat of the superheated steam which prevents possible fuel ignition because of oxidant absence.…”

Section: Reformer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimised Mixture Formation for Diesel Fuel Processing

et al. 2008

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Mixture formation plays an important role in the diesel reforming process. It is important to maintain proper O2/C and H2O/C ratios to avoid hot spots and coking. Fuel must be completely evaporated before entering the reaction zone in order to prevent catalyst damage by coking. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to optimise the mixing process. Turbulent mixing, diesel spray injections and evaporation and simplified chemical reactions have been calculated. This revealed critical parts of the existing construction. However, experimental verification is necessary. To identify thermodynamic conditions for a possible carbon formation process, experiments with idealised model fuels as well as with real diesel fuel were carried out. Flow visualisation experiments serve for the verification of the CFD simulations. Quartz glass reactors as models of the reformers were operated under real mixing temperatures (400 °C) to observe the effect of the flow profile on fuel sprays. Experiments with coloured fuels were used to visualise the flow and concentration profiles in the mixing chamber. Results were compared with CFD models. Two patented reformers were designed as a result of the CFD optimisation. These were operated for 500 h and 1,000 h respectively with a commercially available diesel, showing very promising results.

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Section: Reformer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%