Diffusion in Dilute Aqueous Acetic Acid Solutions

Holt, E. L.; Lyons, Philip A.

doi:10.1021/j100891a037

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…The observed pH is confirmed to remain constant in this buffer system, while chronopotentiometry is clearly sensitive to the concentration of the acid species in solution. The diffusion coefficient of acetic acid is obtained from the calibration slope and the Sand equation as (1.25 ± 0.02) 10 –5 cm 2 s –1 , which is in agreement with reported values . The observed linear range is found as 0.1–1.2 mM at −180 μA cm –2 .…”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The diffusion coefficient of acetic acid is obtained from the calibration slope and the Sand equation as (1.25 ± 0.02) 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 , which is in agreement with reported values. 37 The observed linear range is found as 0.1−1.2 mM at −180 μA cm −2 . At higher current amplitudes (−70 μA), the upper detection limit could be extended to up to 2 mM (see Figure 6S in the Supporting Information).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Direct Detection of Acidity, Alkalinity, and pH with Membrane Electrodes

2012

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An electrochemical sensing protocol based on supported liquid ion-selective membranes for the direct detection of total alkalinity of a sample that contains a weak base such as Tris (pK(a) = 8.2) is presented here for the first time. Alkalinity is determined by imposing a defined flux of hydrogen ions from the membrane to the sample with an applied current. The transition time at which the base species at the membrane-sample interface depletes owing to diffusion limitation is related to sample alkalinity in this chronopotentiometric detection mode. The same membrane is shown to detect pH (by zero current potentiometry) and acidity and alkalinity (by chronopotentiometry at different current polarity). This principle may become a welcome tool for the in situ determination of these characteristics in complex samples such as natural waters.

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Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Direct Detection of Acidity, Alkalinity, and pH with Membrane Electrodes

2012

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“…Ideal solutions have been assumed up to this point in the analysis of the results. A more accurate account of the concentration dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficient is obtained by including electrophoretic and activity coefficient terms to allow for ionic interactions. − y ± is the mean ionic activity coefficient on the molarity concentration scale. Δ 1 and Δ 2 are the first- and second-order electrophoretic corrections to the diffusion coefficient of the dissociated acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual Diffusion Coefficients for Binary Aqueous Solutions of Arsenous, Arsenic, and Malonic Acids

Leaist

2007

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Prompted by interest in reaction-diffusion waves in arsenous acid−iodate and Belousov−Zhabotinsky systems, mutual diffusion coefficients (D) are measured for binary aqueous solutions of arsenous, arsenic, and malonic acids at 25 °C and concentrations from (0.00012 to 0.020) mol·dm-3. Arsenous acid, a relatively weak acid (pK 1 a 9.2), diffuses in molecular form in this composition range with D ≈ 1.11·10-5 cm2·s-1. Arsenic and malonic acids (pK 1 a 2.3 and 2.8, respectively) dissociate appreciably, causing D to increase sharply with increasing dilution due to the unusually large mobility of aqueous H+ ions. Differential D values for solutions of these acids are determined by extrapolating diffusion coefficients measured from Gaussian dispersion peaks to zero concentration difference between the injected solution and the flow solution. Using a simple modification of conventional dispersion equipment, differential diffusion coefficients are measured directly from small-Δc error-function dispersion profiles generated from step-function initial conditions. Analysis of the concentration dependence of D, including electrophoretic and activity coefficient terms, provides estimates of the diffusion coefficients of the molecular and ionic forms of the acids. The integral mutual diffusion coefficient defined by c -1 D(c)dc is identified as the concentration-weighted average of the diffusion coefficients of the molecular and ionic forms of the acids.

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“…Oxygen for the anodic film was most likely provided by the water in the anodizing solution because an anodic film could not be formed on the vanadium unless water was present, regardless of the formation current density or the voltage applied to the anode. Lack of oxygen evolution in the acetic acid solutions might be due in part to the low activity of water in the anodizing solutions as a result of strong interactions (25)(26)(27) between water and acetate ion. The role of water in the film growth process is under investigation.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodization of Vanadium in Acetic Acid Solutions

Keil¹,

Salomon²

1968

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Uniform anodic vanadium tetroxide films of controlled thickness have been grown on vanadium in acetic acid-sodium tetraborate solutions containing small quantities of water. The film composition was established using Faraday's law and EPR and ATR spectroscopy. The anode reaction was found to be 100% efficient in the production of vanadium (IV)oxide. The lack of oxygen evolution was attributed to reduced water activity as a result of its interactions with the acetic acid. Information concerning the nature of the film was obtained.

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Diffusion in Dilute Aqueous Acetic Acid Solutions

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Direct Detection of Acidity, Alkalinity, and pH with Membrane Electrodes

Direct Detection of Acidity, Alkalinity, and pH with Membrane Electrodes

Mutual Diffusion Coefficients for Binary Aqueous Solutions of Arsenous, Arsenic, and Malonic Acids

Anodization of Vanadium in Acetic Acid Solutions

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