Diffusion coefficients of articular cartilage for different CT and MRI contrast agents

Kulmala, K.A.M.; Korhonen, Rami K.; Julkunen, Petro; Jurvelin, Jukka S.; Quinn, Thomas M.; Kröger, Heikki; Töyräs, Juha

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.06.002

Cited by 53 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…By the Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium, a reduction in GAG could directly influence the diffusion rate and equilibrium concentration of any charged contrast agent in cartilage (20,21). This diffusion rate can be influenced by the characteristics of the contrast agent, including its molecular size, number and type of the charges (22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Imaging In Oa Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographical and depth-dependent glycosaminoglycan concentration in canine medial tibial cartilage 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery—a microscopic imaging study

Mittelstaedt¹,

Kahn²,

Xia³

2016

Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.

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Background: Medical imaging has become an invaluable tool to diagnose damage to cartilage. Depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) has been shown to be one of the early signs of cartilage degradation. In order to investigate the topographical changes in GAG concentration caused by the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery in a canine model, microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (µMRI) and microscopic computed tomography (µCT) were used to measure the GAG concentration with correlation from a biochemical assay, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), to understand where the topographical and depth-dependent changes in the GAG concentration occur.Methods: This study used eight knee joints from four canines, which were examined 3 weeks after ACLT surgery. From right (n=3) and left (n=1) medial tibias of the ACLT and the contralateral side, two ex vivo specimens from each of four locations (interior, central, exterior and posterior) were imaged before and after equilibration in contrast agents. The cartilage blocks imaged using µMRI were approximately 3 mm × 5 mm and were imaged before and after eight hours submersion in a gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent with an in-plane pixel resolution of 17.6 µm 2 and an image slice thickness of 1 mm. The cartilage blocks imaged using µCT were approximately 2 mm × 1 mm and were imaged before and after 24 hours submersed in ioxaglate with an isotropic voxel resolution of 13.4 µm 3 . ICP-OES was used to quantify the bulk GAG at each topographical location.Results: The pre-contrast µMRI and µCT results did not demonstrate significant differences in GAG between the ACLT and contralateral cartilage at all topographical locations. The post-contrast µMRI and µCT results demonstrated topographically similar significant differences in GAG concentrations between the ACLT and contralateral tibia. Using µMRI, the GAG concentrations (mg/mL) were measured for the ACLT and contralateral respectively, the exterior (54.0±3.

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Section: Imaging In Oa Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographical and depth-dependent glycosaminoglycan concentration in canine medial tibial cartilage 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery—a microscopic imaging study

Mittelstaedt¹,

Kahn²,

Xia³

2016

Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.

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“…As with previous studies, which found that the diffusion coefficient that controls diffusion rate based on Fick's law [267], decreased with depth, and it correlated positively with the fluid content and negatively with solid content, in particular, proteoglycan content [14,15,[268][269][270][271].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The free diffusion of surrounding fluid throughout the cartilage matrix was simulated for the healthy, partially solid skeleton degraded and fully degraded articular cartilage, where spatial maps of the diffusion at different times were prepared. The simulation results of the healthy articular cartilage were verified against experimental data from the literature [13] where tracking and imaging of a radioactive tracer could show a diffusion map of the articular cartilage, as transport of the radioactive tracer into the articular cartilage happens largely by diffusion [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The T2 mapping technique, which is based on excitation and relaxation times of water molecules [128], is used for measuring water content in cartilage [129] and indirect evaluation of collagen content and orientation of fibres [9,121]. [13,14,130].…”

Section: Non-invasive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-invasive experimental methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), can provide structural data from inside the articular cartilage such as spatial distribution of the proteoglycans and collagens, and orientation of the collagen fibres, without disturbing its structure [9][10][11][12]. However, as non-destructive methods indirectly collect internal information of the articular cartilage via a radioactive tracer [13][14][15], only limited functional data for articular cartilage can be obtained [16,17]. Experimental data may be used to develop mathematical methods which are usually based on differential equations, which describe characteristics of the system as a set of functions and parameters [18,19].…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Innovative Agent-Based Cellular Automata Framework for Simulating Articular Cartilage Biomechanics

Kashani¹

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Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticles for the Imaging of Articular Cartilage Using X‐Ray Computed Tomography: Visualization of Ex Vivo/In Vivo Murine Tibia and Ex Vivo Human Index Finger Cartilage

et al. 2014

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The synthesis and characterization of tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) nanoparticles (NPs) as new X‐ray contrast media for microcomputed tomography (μCT) imaging of articular cartilage are reported. NPs, approximately 5–10 nm in size, and possessing distinct surface charges, were synthesized using phosphonate (neutral), ammonium (cationic), and carboxylate (anionic) ligands as end functional groups. Assessment of a cartilage defect in a human cadaver distal metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint with the ammonium nanoparticles showed good visualization of damage and preferential uptake in areas surrounding the defect. Finally, an optimized nontoxic cationic NP contrast agent was evaluated in an in vivo murine model and the cartilage was imaged. These nanoparticles represent a new type of contrast agent for imaging articular cartilage, and the results demonstrate the importance of surface charge in the design of nanoparticulate agents for targeting the surface or interior zones of articular cartilage.

show abstract

Diffusion coefficients of articular cartilage for different CT and MRI contrast agents

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Topographical and depth-dependent glycosaminoglycan concentration in canine medial tibial cartilage 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery—a microscopic imaging study

Topographical and depth-dependent glycosaminoglycan concentration in canine medial tibial cartilage 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery—a microscopic imaging study

An Innovative Agent-Based Cellular Automata Framework for Simulating Articular Cartilage Biomechanics

Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticles for the Imaging of Articular Cartilage Using X‐Ray Computed Tomography: Visualization of Ex Vivo/In Vivo Murine Tibia and Ex Vivo Human Index Finger Cartilage

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