Diffuse phase transitions and random-field-induced domain states of the ‘‘relaxor’’ ferroelectric<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">PbMg</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Nb</mml:mi></mml

Westphal, Volker; Kleemann, W.; Glinchuk, M. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.847

Cited by 1,011 publications

(558 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…32,33 In the present study, we concentrate on the bias-field dependence of the diffuse peak. Below, we will test different models considering nonlinear dielectric permittivity in PMN in connection with our experimental results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quenched uncorrelated fields, which are at the origin of the generic random-field model, 32 relate in relaxors to their inherent charge disorder. 33 The Dorogovtsev effect extended to the relaxor systems provides a good qualitative description of the dependence of T m ͑E͒ at small fields. At large fields, both the Vugmeister-Rabitz model 14 supplemented with a temperature dependence of quasistatic dielectric permittivity and the Pirc-Blinc-Kutnjak model 15 explaining both the quasistatic dielectric permittivity, frequency, and the bias field dependences provide a reasonable explanation of our experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

et al. 2005

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In contrast to ordinary ferroelectrics where the temperature T m of the permittivity maximum monotonically increases with bias field E in ͑1−x͒PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 -͑x͒PbTiO 3 ͑0 ഛ x ഛ 0.35͒ single crystals, T m was found to remain constant or to decrease with E up to a certain threshold field E t , above which T m starts increasing. The threshold field E t decreases with increasing x, tending toward zero at approximately x = 0.4. We explain this dependence in the framework of models which take into account quenched random fields and random bonds. For crystals with 0.06ഛ x ഛ 0.13, the E-T phase diagrams are constructed. In contrast to PMN, they exhibit an additional, nearly field-independent boundary, in the vicinity of the Vogel-Fulcher temperature. We believe this boundary to correspond to an additional phase transition and the appearing order parameter is likely to be nonpolar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

et al. 2005

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“…8 Dielectric measurements have found the presence of a frozen glassy state at low temperatures and have led to theories of random bond and field effects in analogy to the case of spin glasses. [9][10][11][12] Recent neutron and x-ray scattering studies conducted on PMN and PZN in zero field have found no long-range structural distortion in the bulk at low temperatures. This new phase ͑referred to as phase X in the original measurements͒ was first measured and presented based on neutron diffraction measurements on PZN doped with 8% PT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooledPb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)
Stock
¹
,
Xu
²
,
Gehring
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
60
3
46
2
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Neutron and x-ray diffraction techniques have been used to study the competing long-and short-range polar order in the relaxor ferroelectric Pb͑Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ͒O 3 ͑PMN͒ under a ͓111͔ applied electric field. Despite reports of a structural transition from a cubic phase to a rhombohedral phase for fields E Ͼ 1.7 kV/ cm, we find that the bulk unit cell remains cubic ͑within a sensitivity of 90°−␣ = 0.03°͒ for fields up to 8 kV/ cm. Furthermore, we observe a structural transition confined to the near surface volume or "skin" of the crystal where the cubic cell is transformed to a rhombohedral unit cell at T c = 210 K for E Ͼ 4 kV/ cm, for which 90°−␣ = 0.08± 0.03°b elow 50 K. While the bulk unit cell remains cubic, a suppression of the diffuse scattering and concomitant enhancement of the Bragg peak intensity is observed below T c = 210 K, indicating a more ordered structure with increasing electric field yet an absence of a long-range ferroelectric ground state in the bulk. The electric field strength has little effect on the diffuse scattering above T c , however, below T c the diffuse scattering is reduced in intensity and adopts an asymmetric line shape in reciprocal space. The absence of hysteresis in our neutron measurements ͑on the bulk͒ and the presence of two distinct temperature scales suggests that the ground state of PMN is not a frozen glassy phase as suggested by some theories but is better understood in terms of random fields introduced through the presence of structural disorder. Based on these results, we also suggest that PMN represents an extreme example of the two-length scale problem, and that the presence of a distinct skin may be necessary for a relaxor ground state.

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“…However, so far no general agreement in their microscopic picture has been achieved. The most widely accepted attempts capable of describing only some of their features are known as the diffuse phase transition model 76,77 , superparaelectric model 53 , glassy state model [85][86][87] , random fields model [88][89][90][91] , spherical random bond-random field model [92][93][94][95][96] , and breathing model. 97,98 These models can be categorized according to two microscopic views.…”

Section: General Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

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2016

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Diffuse phase transitions and random-field-induced domain states of the ‘‘relaxor’’ ferroelectricPbMg1/3Nb

Cited by 1,011 publications

References 18 publications

Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooledPb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)
Stock
¹
,
Xu
²
,
Gehring
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
60
3
46
2
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

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Diffuse phase transitions and random-field-induced domain states of the ‘‘relaxor’’ ferroelectricPbMg1/3Nb

Cited by 1,011 publications

References 18 publications

Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

Bias-field effect on the temperature anomalies of dielectric permittivity inPbMg1∕3Nb2∕3

Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooledPb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)Stock1, Xu2, Gehring3 et al. 2007Phys. Rev. B603462View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

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Product

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Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooledPb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)
Stock
¹
,
Xu
²
,
Gehring
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
60
3
46
2
View full text Add to dashboard Cite