Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in coexistence with leprosy

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis and leprosy are diseases both caused by intracellular pathogens that represent a major health predicament even today. Both these diseases have some characteristics in common, such as the involvement of mucocutaneous tissue, a course with a chronic granulomatous response, a broad clinical spectrum in relation to the host's immunity, and they often affect the poor population in tropical countries. Co-infection of the two diseases, although known to occur, is rarely encountered and reported. Even though new cases of leprosy are diagnosed in the region of coastal Karnataka of India, cutaneous leishmaniasis is rarely reported. We hereby describe a patient who presented with concurrent leprosy and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Chronic Skin Lesions as the Presentation of Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the HIV-infected Woman: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

“…These lesions have a high parasite load and may involve skin in different body regions, including the face, upper and lower limbs, etc. [2]. However, visceral involvement is not seen in these patients [7].…”

“…A single and painless nodule could be the initial presentation of diffuse CL. However; after a while, as the disease progresses, patients will experience multiple erythematous, flesh-colored papulonodular cutaneous lesions, infiltrative plaques, or macules [2]. These lesions have a high parasite load and may involve skin in different body regions, including the face, upper and lower limbs, etc.…”

“…L eishmaniasis is a disease caused by intracellular flagellated protozoans belonging to the genus Leishmania [1]. It is a vector-borne infection, and the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies is responsible for its transmission [2]. These parasites can cause different disease forms in human, including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral involvement [1].Cutaneous leish-maniasis (CL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis that caused by various species of Leishmania parasites [1].…”

Leprosy and American cutaneous leishmaniasis coinfection

“… 4 Worldwide, its incidence is estimated at 0.7-1.2 million new cases annually. 2 In Brazil, it is in geographical expansion, with peaks of incidence every five years, distributed in all the states. It is characterized by the presence of a single painless nodule that can progress to multiple papules or normochromic or erythematous nodules, macules, ulcers, and infiltrative plaques.…”

“…It is characterized by the presence of a single painless nodule that can progress to multiple papules or normochromic or erythematous nodules, macules, ulcers, and infiltrative plaques. 2 …”