Diffraction of X-rays by Sodium Laurate and Sodium Palmitate at Higher Temperatures.

Bolduan, Orvil E. A.; McBain, James W.; Ross, Sydney

doi:10.1021/j150430a007

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The transition at lowest temperature (374-340 K), for all compounds, was classified as an inter-crystal transition based on X-ray single crystal and powder diffraction analyses. These results were also used to classify the second transition, in the range of 400-470 K, as a waxy transition and subsequent phases, as sub-neat and neat in accord with Bolduan and coworkers [132]. Increased fusion temperatures observed on going from Li to Cs indicated that increased metal ion radius resulted in a more rigid carboxylate network [120].…”

Section: Monovalent Carboxylatesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Theories and experimental investigations of the structural and thermotropic mesomorphic phase behaviors of metal carboxylates

Nelson

Taylor

2014

Appl Petrochem Res

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Investigations on the phase behaviors and structural properties of mono-, di-and poly-valent metal carboxylates are reviewed with reference to developments in experimental and theoretical concepts surrounding their liquid crystalline properties. The main methods of structural investigation such as X-ray diffraction, infrared and 13 C-NMR spectroscopies are examined in detail on the basis of common synthetic routes leading to the isolation of pure compounds. A detailed review of the thermal behaviors of several metal carboxylates is presented along with proposed theories and molecular models for odd-even alternation, chain length effects, phase structures and mesophase formation. Theories explaining the effects of metal ion radii and chain unsaturation are also discussed. Proposed degradation mechanisms resulting in the formation of various products and kinetic studies are also considered. Though this review highlights a number of investigations on the structural and phase properties of the mostly widely studied carboxylates, the results presented here strongly indicate that there is room for further studies on some of these systems.

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Section: Monovalent Carboxylatesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Theories and experimental investigations of the structural and thermotropic mesomorphic phase behaviors of metal carboxylates

Nelson

Taylor

2014

Appl Petrochem Res

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“…The thermotropic phase behaviour of the metallic soaps was firmly founded by Vorländer [2], who showed "double-melting" in many sodium and potassium soaps, using a polarising microscope [3]. Prior to about 1950, further work on thermotropic mesomorphism in soaps and analogs seems to have been concentrated on the phases of the sodium and potassium soaps, with some exceptions [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal organic framework (MOF) liquid crystals. 1D, 2D and 3D ionic coordination polymer structures in the thermotropic mesophases of metal soaps, including alkaline earth, transition metal and lanthanide soaps

Corkery

2008

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

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Taken together, the body of existing literature on metal soap crystal structures and mesophases supports the view that much is to be gained by treating the soaps as metal organic frameworks (MOF's) when relating their structure and liquid crystallinity. We argue that metal soaps mesophases often consist of disordered metal organic (carboxylate) frameworks (MOF's). Metal atoms are linked by bridging carboxylates, and the metal-oxygen networks form semi-flexible rods, chains and sheets of M-O polyhedra within their co-bonded, mesotructured, self-assemblies of lipidic chains. The packing of the molten hydrocarbon chains allows otherwise unconnected MOF networks to coexist as spatially isolated units in the same unit cell. For instance the lamellar phases are true 2D MOF's or layers of 1-D MOF's. The phase transitions can then be regarded as coupled disordering/re-ordering transitions involving rotational and conformational disordering of the hydrocarbon chains balanced with disordering of MOF symmetries, MOF topological transformations, depolymerizations and dimensionality reductions ultimately leading to anisotropic melts. By way of demonstration, thermotropic phase transitions of homologous series of lanthanide soaps are systematically studied using a variety of experimental methods, and the data are used in a topological model for testing the consistency with the MOF concept of metal soap crystal structures and thermotropic mesophases. Finally, an interpenetrating bicontinuous MOF comprised of SrO 6 polyhedral rods is presented as an atomically resolved model for the network topology of the cubic mesophase of strontium soaps. Metal soaps are therefore shown to afford a bridge between liquid crystals and metal organic framework (MOF) materials.

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“…The properties of colloidal electrolytes have been determined most successfully when the concepts have been subjected to numerous independent physical measurements. McBain and collaborators have utilized conductivity (9), dew point (19), density (6), dye numbers (14, 21), diffusion (13,17), electromotive force (11), freezing point (10,12,16), solubilization (14), surface tension (7), transport number (5), ultrafiltration (15), ultracentrifugation (18), vapor tension (4), and x-ray studies (2) in their contributions to the subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion and Osmotic Coefficients, Conductivity, Membrane Analyses, and the Determination of Micellar Charge and Composition in Some Colloidal Electrolytes.

Chandler¹,

McBain²

1949

J. Phys. Chem.

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Diffraction of X-rays by Sodium Laurate and Sodium Palmitate at Higher Temperatures.

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Theories and experimental investigations of the structural and thermotropic mesomorphic phase behaviors of metal carboxylates

Theories and experimental investigations of the structural and thermotropic mesomorphic phase behaviors of metal carboxylates

Metal organic framework (MOF) liquid crystals. 1D, 2D and 3D ionic coordination polymer structures in the thermotropic mesophases of metal soaps, including alkaline earth, transition metal and lanthanide soaps

Diffusion and Osmotic Coefficients, Conductivity, Membrane Analyses, and the Determination of Micellar Charge and Composition in Some Colloidal Electrolytes.

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