Differentiation of Ingested and Endogenous Bifidobacteria by DNA Fingerprinting Demonstrates the Survival of an Unmodified Strain in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Humans , , ,

Kullen, Martin J.; Amann, Mary M.; O’Shaughnessy, Matthew J.; O’Sullivan, Daniel J.; Busta, F. F.; Brady, Linda J.

doi:10.1093/jn/127.1.89

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This showed that the fed strains did not permanently colonize the intestine of the dogs. This is in accordance with previous studies where probiotic strains were not able to permanently colonize individuals having a preexisting intestinal microbiota (2,6,18). The dogs did not show any obvious adverse effects during and after the strain LAB8 to LAB12 feeding period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alteration of the Canine Small-Intestinal Lactic Acid Bacterium Microbiota by Feeding of Potential Probiotics

Manninen¹,

Rinkinen

Beasley³

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Five potentially probiotic canine fecal lactic acid bacterium (LAB) strains, Lactobacillus fermentum LAB8, Lactobacillus salivarius LAB9, Weissella confusa LAB10, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LAB11, and Lactobacillus mucosae LAB12, were fed to five permanently fistulated beagles for 7 days. The survival of the strains and their potential effects on the indigenous intestinal LAB microbiota were monitored for 17 days. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) demonstrated that the five fed LAB strains survived in the upper gastrointestinal tract and modified the dominant preexisting indigenous jejunal LAB microbiota of the dogs. When the LAB supplementation was ceased, DGGE analysis of jejunal chyme showed that all the fed LAB strains were undetectable after 7 days. However, the diversity of the intestinal indigenous microbiota of the dogs, as characterized from jejunal chyme plated on Lactobacillus selective medium without acetic acid, was reduced and did not return to the original level during the study period. In all but one dog, an indigenous Lactobacillus acidophilus strain emerged as the dominant LAB strain. In conclusion, strains LAB8 to LAB12 have potential as probiotic strains for dogs as they survive in and dominate the jejunal LAB microbiota during feeding and have the ability to modify the intestinal microbiota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alteration of the Canine Small-Intestinal Lactic Acid Bacterium Microbiota by Feeding of Potential Probiotics

Manninen¹,

Rinkinen

Beasley³

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Clearly, a distinction must be drawn between strains that attain high stable populations in the gut micro¯ora through daily oral dosing and indigenous members of the microbiota. Kullen et al (1997) found that, when daily ingestion of a probiotic preparation containing a Bi®do-bacterium spp. strain ceased, the strain was detectable in faeces for only up to 8d (using RFLP analysis of 16S rDNA).…”

Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the role of the human gut microbiota and its modulation by pro- and prebiotics

et al. 2000

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One of the most topical areas of human nutrition is the role of the gut in health and disease. Specifically, this involves interactions between the resident microbiota and dietary ingredients that support their activities. Currently, it is accepted that the gut microflora contains pathogenic, benign and beneficial components. Some microbially induced disease states such as acute gastroenteritis and pseudomembranous colitis have a defined aetiological agent(s). Speculation on the role of microbiota components in disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, bowel cancer, neonatal necrotising enterocolitis and ulcerative colitis are less well defined, but many studies are convincing. It is evident that the gut microflora composition can be altered through diet. Because of their perceived health-promoting status, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are the commonest targets. Probiotics involve the use of live micro-organisms in food; prebiotics are carbohydrates selectively metabolized by desirable moieties of the indigenous flora; synbiotics combine the two approaches. Dietary intervention of the human gut microbiota is feasible and has been proven as efficacious in volunteer trials. The health bonuses of such approaches offer the potential to manage many gut disorders prophylactically. However, it is imperative that the best methodologies available are applied to this area of nutritional sciences. This will undoubtedly involve a genomic application to the research and is already under way through molecular tracking of microbiota changes to diet in controlled human trials.

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“…(17). We included two universal 16S rRNA gene primers (18) in the PCR assay to generate an approximately 900-bp fragment that served as a positive control for the PCR and to identify nonbifidobacterial isolates. The PCR products were visualized by electrophoresis in a 1% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of Bifidobacteria in Gastrointestinal Samples from Piglets

Mikkelsen

Berthou

Jakobsen

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The population of Bifidobacterium spp. in fecal samples from suckling piglets was investigated, and Beerens, raffinose-bifidobacterium (RB), and modified Wilkins-Chalgren (MW) agar media were evaluated with regard to the enumeration of bifidobacteria in porcine intestinal samples. The results demonstrated that the population of bifidobacteria in the feces of suckling piglets is numerically low, and a phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene from bifidobacterial isolates suggested that a possibly new Bifidobacterium species was isolated. Beerens, RB, and MW agar media were not selective for bifidobacteria in the fecal samples. The highest recovery and diversity of bifidobacteria were obtained for MW agar. Nonbifidobacterial isolates from the three agar media were identified and may contribute to the future formulation of improved selective media for the enumeration of bifidobacteria.The intestinal microbiotas of humans and animals comprise hundreds of different types of microorganisms that play a role in host nutrition and health. In the last decade, there has been major interest in influencing the composition of the gut microbiota to create a more remedial community by providing for the intake of nondigestible dietary supplements (prebiotics). Prebiotics are believed to stimulate the growth and/or activity of health-promoting bacteria, such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and to suppress potentially pathogenic bacteria in the gut (7). In pig production, the inclusion of prebiotic nondigestible oligosaccharides in the diet has the objective of maintaining a beneficial intestinal microbiota dominated by healthpromoting bacteria, such as bifidobacteria, during the stressful period of weaning (26). Species of bifidobacteria reported in pigs are Bifidobacterium suis, B. globosum, B. pseudolongum, B. thermophilum, B. boum, and B. choerinum (22, 23, 32, 34). However, little is known of the significance of bifidobacteria in pigs and their potential role in protection against intestinal disorders such as postweaning diarrhea. A prerequisite for studying the effect of prebiotics on the intestinal microbiota is the ability to quantify the different groups of bacteria accurately. Only a few studies have evaluated selective agars for the enumeration and isolation of bifidobacteria in fecal and intestinal samples from pigs (1, 13). In the present study, Beerens agar (4), raffinose-bifidobacterium (RB) agar (12), and modified Wilkin-Chalgreen (MW) agar (29) were assessed for the enumeration and isolation of bifidobacteria in fecal samples from suckling piglets. Beerens agar is reported as a suitable medium for the isolation and enumeration of bifidobacteria from gut microbiota (33) and has often been used to determine bifidobacterial populations in fecal and intestinal samples (8,11,27). RB agar is developed as a selective medium for bifidobacteria in intestinal and fecal samples (12), and MW agar has proven very suitable for the isolation and enumeration of bifidobacteria in poultry and rabbit cecal samples (29). The s...

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Differentiation of Ingested and Endogenous Bifidobacteria by DNA Fingerprinting Demonstrates the Survival of an Unmodified Strain in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Humans , , ,

Cited by 73 publications

References 20 publications

Alteration of the Canine Small-Intestinal Lactic Acid Bacterium Microbiota by Feeding of Potential Probiotics

Alteration of the Canine Small-Intestinal Lactic Acid Bacterium Microbiota by Feeding of Potential Probiotics

Perspectives on the role of the human gut microbiota and its modulation by pro- and prebiotics

Enumeration of Bifidobacteria in Gastrointestinal Samples from Piglets

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