Differentiating the Roles of the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Processes beyond Long-Term Declarative Memory: A Double Dissociation in Dementia

Lee, Andy; Buckley, Mark J.; Gaffan, David; Emery, Tina; Hodges, John R.; Graham, Kim S.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3157-05.2006

Cited by 143 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Other criticisms of previous studies include the suggestion that because the oddity task used by others such as Buckley et al (2001) and Lee et al (2005Lee et al ( , 2006a) involved reward and/or repeated presentation of stimuli, learning across trials may occur in these paradigms and, therefore, deficits on these tasks may be interpreted as impairments in learning (Levy et al, 2005;Shrager et al, 2006;Squire et al, 2006). However, because the spontaneous oddity task used in the present study is a nonrewarded, single-trial paradigm, these criticisms do not apply to the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This task was based on the automated oddity task developed by Buckley et al (2001), on which monkeys with PRh lesions were impaired. Oddity tasks have also been used to assess perceptual deficits in humans with MTL damage (Lee et al, 2005(Lee et al, , 2006a and have shown that damage including the PRh in humans, as in animals, impairs perceptual discrimination of nonspatial stimuli. In experiment 4 of the present study, we examined the performance of rats with lesions of PPRh or PRh and control rats in the simultaneous oddity discrimination task using four different levels of perceptual similarity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptual Functions of Perirhinal Cortex in Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition and Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations

Bartko¹,

Winters²,

Cowell³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

167

172

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The perirhinal cortex (PRh) is widely accepted as having an important role in object recognition memory in humans and animals. Contrary to claims that PRh mediates declarative memory exclusively, previous evidence suggests that PRh has a role in the perceptual processing of complex objects. In the present study, we conducted an examination of the possible role of PRh in perceptual function in rats. We examined whether bilateral excitotoxic lesions of PRh or PPRh (perirhinal plus postrhinal cortices) in the rat would cause deficits in a zero-delay object-recognition task and a simultaneous oddity discrimination task. Both of these tasks measured spontaneous (untrained, unrewarded) behavior, and the stimuli in these experiments were manipulated to produce varying levels of perceptual difficulty. As predicted by simulations using a computational model, rats with PPRh lesions were impaired in object recognition when the stimuli to be discriminated were manipulated to share many features in common. Furthermore, rats with PPRh and PRh lesions were impaired in a simultaneous oddity discrimination task when the stimuli to be discriminated were manipulated explicitly to be more perceptually similar. These findings provide support for the idea that PRh in the rat is important for the perceptual processing of complex objects, in addition to its well established role in memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Functions of Perirhinal Cortex in Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition and Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations

Bartko¹,

Winters²,

Cowell³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

167

172

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“…Along with parahippocampal cortices, the hippocampus has been implicated in visual identification tasks, although the hippocampus may support more complex representations in this regard (Lee et al, 2005a(Lee et al, ,2005b(Lee et al, , 2006(Lee et al, , 2008. In the context of our experiment, we suggest that the hippocampus may form a representation that incorporates knowledge about the relevance/ predictability of the visual cues, which may then be used by other neural regions to control selection, such as the anterior parahippocampal cortex (Chelazzi et al, 1993(Chelazzi et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…This is concordant with single-unit work from Chelazzi and colleagues (Chelazzi et al, 1993(Chelazzi et al, , 1998 that has shown enhanced neuronal responses around the rhinal sulci for remembered items that had to be selected for a response, and similar single unit responses have been reported in perihirnal cortex (Lehky and Tanaka, 2007). Activity in the parahippocampal gyrus has also been observed in functional MRI studies in humans assessing WM biases of visual attention Grecucci et al, 2010) and in visual perceptual tasks (Murray and Richmond, 2001;Buckley and Gaffan, 2006;O'Neil et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

A Parieto-Medial Temporal Pathway for the Strategic Control over Working Memory Biases in Human Visual Attention

et al. 2012

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The contents of working memory (WM) can both aid and disrupt the goal-directed allocation of visual attention. WM benefits attention when its contents overlap with goal-relevant stimulus features, but WM leads attention astray when its contents match features of currently irrelevant stimuli. Recent behavioral data have documented that WM biases of attention may be subject to strategic cognitive control processes whereby subjects are able to either enhance or inhibit the influence of WM contents on attention. However, the neural mechanisms supporting cognitive control over WM biases on attention are presently unknown. Here, we characterize these mechanisms by combining human functional magnetic resonance imaging with a task that independently manipulates the relationship between WM cues and attention targets during visual search (with WM contents matching either search targets or distracters), as well as the predictability of this relationship (100 vs 50% predictability) to assess participants' ability to strategically enhance or inhibit WM biases on attention when WM contents reliably matched targets or distracter stimuli, respectively. We show that cues signaling predictable (Ͼ unpredictable) WM-attention relations reliably enhanced search performance, and that this strategic modulation of the interplay between WM contents and visual attention was mediated by a neuroanatomical network involving the posterior parietal cortex, the posterior cingulate, and medial temporal lobe structures, with responses in the hippocampus proper correlating with behavioral measures of strategic control of WM biases. Thus, we delineate a novel parieto-medial temporal pathway implementing cognitive control over WM biases to optimize goal-directed selection.

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“…For example, recent neuropsychological studies have revealed that selective bilateral HC damage impairs recognition memory (Bird et al, 2007), discrimination learning , and odd-one-out decisions (Lee et al, 2005a) for scene, but not face, stimuli. In contrast, larger MTL lesions that encompass both the HC and PrC result in poor long-term memory for scenes and faces (Taylor et al, 2007) and reduced discrimination accuracy for scenes, faces, and objects Lee et al, 2005b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Role for the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Perceptual Learning of Scenes and Faces: Complementary Findings from Amnesia and fMRI

Mundy

Downing

Dwyer

et al. 2013

Journal of Neuroscience

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It is debated whether subregions within the medial temporal lobe (MTL), in particular the hippocampus (HC) and perirhinal cortex (PrC), play domain-sensitive roles in learning. In the present study, two patients with differing degrees of MTL damage were first exposed to pairs of highly similar scenes, faces, and dot patterns and then asked to make repeated same/different decisions to preexposed and nonexposed (novel) pairs from the three categories (Experiment 1). We measured whether patients would show a benefit of prior exposure (preexposed Ͼ nonexposed) and whether repetition of nonexposed (and preexposed) pairs at test would benefit discrimination accuracy. Although selective HC damage impaired learning of scenes, but not faces and dot patterns, broader MTL damage involving the HC and PrC compromised discrimination learning of scenes and faces but left dot pattern learning unaffected. In Experiment 2, a similar task was run in healthy young participants in the MRI scanner. Functional region-of-interest analyses revealed that posterior HC and posterior parahippocampal gyrus showed greater activity during scene pattern learning, but not face and dot pattern learning, whereas PrC, anterior HC, and posterior fusiform gyrus were recruited during discrimination learning for faces, but not scenes and dot pattern learning. Critically, activity in posterior HC and PrC, but not the other functionalregion-of-interestanalyses,wasmodulatedbyaccuracy(correctϾincorrectwithinapreferredcategory).Therefore,bothapproaches revealedakeyrolefortheHCandPrCindiscriminationlearning,whichisconsistentwithrepresentationalaccountsinwhichsubregionsinthese MTL structures store complex spatial and object representations, respectively.

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Differentiating the Roles of the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Processes beyond Long-Term Declarative Memory: A Double Dissociation in Dementia

Cited by 143 publications

References 36 publications

Perceptual Functions of Perirhinal Cortex in Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition and Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations

Perceptual Functions of Perirhinal Cortex in Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition and Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations

A Parieto-Medial Temporal Pathway for the Strategic Control over Working Memory Biases in Human Visual Attention

A Critical Role for the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Perceptual Learning of Scenes and Faces: Complementary Findings from Amnesia and fMRI

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