Differentiating Entrepreneurs from Small Business Owners: A Conceptualization

Carland, James W.; Hoy, Frank; Boulton, William R.; Carland, Jo Ann C.

doi:10.2307/258448

Cited by 534 publications

(549 citation statements)

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“…The key point emerging from the model is that, for many graduates, it is unlikely that they will remain in stasis in one particular economic activity throughout their lifetime. Whether or not they engage in some form of enterprise (whether the family firm or their own new venture) -bearing in mind distinctions between entrepreneurs and small business-owners (Carland et al, 1984, Carland et al, 1988) -can be highly influenced by their experience of enterprise education, as well as a host of other factors, such as familial role models (Tackey and Perryman, 1999), motivations (Hannon et al, 2004) as well as unemployment-induced necessity or market opportunities (National Employment Panel, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enterprise education is, after all, not just about new venture creation but also concerns intrapreneurship and being enterprising within an existing organisation, such as a family firm. Nonetheless, it is important to distinguish between entrepreneurs and small business-owners (Carland et al, 1984, Carland et al, 1988, although it is unclear whether enterprise educators appreciate the difference (Solomon, 2006). The following section illustrates an exemplar case study highlighting a positive role model of an ethnic minority graduate who returned to a family firm, and made the firm more "enterprising".…”

Section: A Suggested Way Forward: "Co-ethnic Role Models"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of entrepreneurship education on succession in ethnic minority family firms

Hussain

Scott

Matlay

2010

Education + Training

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact that entrepreneurship education can have on succession in ethnic minority family firms that operate in the highly competitive UK economy. Design/methodology/approach -The paper employs a complex conceptual model of ethnic minority graduates' economic activities and outlines the possible influence that entrepreneurship education can have on succession in their family firms. An illustrative case study is presented of an ethnic minority graduate who returned to work in the family firm. Findings -It emerges that entrepreneurship education provision in UK HEIs is insufficiently customised to, and focused on, the specific entrepreneurial needs of graduates. Educators should take into account the complex socio-economic and cultural differences between native and ethnic minority learning environments. Effective entrepreneurship education emerges as crucial to the survival and growth of ethnic minority family businesses in the UK and could contribute positively to ownership transfer in this type of firm.Research limitations/implications -The proposed theoretical model has not been empirically tested and it is only indicative of the impact that entrepreneurship education could have on succession in small ethnic minority family businesses in the UK. Originality/value -Although prior research has explored various aspects of ownership succession, this article focuses specifically on the impact that entrepreneurship education can have on succession in small ethnic minority family firms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Suggested Way Forward: "Co-ethnic Role Models"mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of entrepreneurship education on succession in ethnic minority family firms

Hussain

Scott

Matlay

2010

Education + Training

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“…al., 1996) majority of high growth enterprises thrive on introducing a new product or service (Cumming, 1998). This is significant as growth oriented enterprises are high contributors to economic development (Cieślik, 2008) and innovation is often the characteristic that differentiates small business owners from entrepreneurs (Carland, Hoy, Boulton, & Carland, 1984;Cieslik, 2006) The fact of successfully commercializing a creative idea is the core of topics like academic or technological entrepreneurship (Jain, et al, 2009) as it is at the core of artistic entrepreneurship. Creativity can be defined as transgression of existing boundaries, seeing more and the ability to find patterns where others see none (Kozielecki, 1987).…”

Section: Entrepreneurship and Artistic Entrepreneurship -Point Of Depmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artistic Entrepreneurship and the Need for Market Orientation in the Context of Rising Significance of the Creative Industries

Olesiewicz

2011

SSRN Journal

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual background and definitions helpful for further research of growth oriented artistic entrepreneurship. Creative industries are becoming increasingly important to the economy of developed countries. This fact is starting to affect the creative arts sector both as a source of creative and artistic workers, innovation and a potential source of higher economic contributions. A brief macro to micro analysis puts the phenomenon in a wider context. Analogies between academic and artistic work are drawn in order to allow the possibility of exploring what seems to be a similar process that had already happened in the education sector. In several aspects congruence between artistic and knowledge based work is presented. Additionally, the paper presents some initial data collected from a preliminary qualitative study of 4 in-depth, open-ended, semi-structured interviews with growth oriented artistic entrepreneurs and artists.Findings: Literature and initial field studies seem to indicate that artistic and administrative, business-like, activities differ in terms of methods used. They also suggest that this may impact the work of artistic entrepreneurs and their willingness to further develop the venture. This is connected with the fact that many artists seem to operate in very specialized expert markets which can prove to be a challenge in a successful commercialization of their work.Originality/value: The paper contributes to the development of a topic that has not been studied well, but might be of significance in the near future. Initial macro and micro analysis of the phenomenon of artistic entrepreneurship tries to take into account perspectives from several disciplines in order to contribute to the accumulation of, so far, very scarce knowledge on the topic.

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“…Of the characteristics of the entrepreneur the most cited are: internal locus of control, need for achievement, risk propensity, creativity, vision, high energy, strategic posture and self-reliance (Brockhaus, 1982;Hornaday, 1982;Carland, Hoy, Boulton & Carland, 1984;Vesper & Gartner, 1997).…”

Section: Initial Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Considerations

2011

Problem Solving for Process Operators and Specialists

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Differentiating Entrepreneurs from Small Business Owners: A Conceptualization

Cited by 534 publications

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The impact of entrepreneurship education on succession in ethnic minority family firms

The impact of entrepreneurship education on succession in ethnic minority family firms

Artistic Entrepreneurship and the Need for Market Orientation in the Context of Rising Significance of the Creative Industries

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