2018
DOI: 10.4236/nm.2018.92007
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Differentiating between SIADH and CSW Using Fractional Excretion of Uric Acid and Phosphate: A Narrative Review

Abstract: Background: Sodium imbalances are among the most common electrolyte abnormalities encountered in the acute care setting. The syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting (CSW) are characterized by hyponatremia and can be difficult to differentiate. Failure to accurately diagnose these conditions and implement the correct treatment results in an increased mortality risk, a longer length of stay in the hospital, and an increase in the cost of hospitalization. Objective: The p… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1
1
1

Citation Types

0
4
0
1

Year Published

2021
2021
2024
2024

Publication Types

Select...
5

Relationship

0
5

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 5 publications
(5 citation statements)
references
References 29 publications
(18 reference statements)
0
4
0
1
Order By: Relevance
“…En el caso de nuestro paciente, la presencia de mucosas levemente secas y la referencia de sed ayudaron a hacer la diferenciación. Los hallazgos de laboratorio que fueron compatibles con SCPS incluyeron la densidad urinaria aumentada, el sodio en orina alto y la fracción excretada de ácido úrico alta, donde además, la fracción de fosfato excretada en orina también se ha propuesto como un indicador de SCPS, pero no se midió en el caso de nuestro paciente (8).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…En el caso de nuestro paciente, la presencia de mucosas levemente secas y la referencia de sed ayudaron a hacer la diferenciación. Los hallazgos de laboratorio que fueron compatibles con SCPS incluyeron la densidad urinaria aumentada, el sodio en orina alto y la fracción excretada de ácido úrico alta, donde además, la fracción de fosfato excretada en orina también se ha propuesto como un indicador de SCPS, pero no se midió en el caso de nuestro paciente (8).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…SIADH occurs when the normal secretion of AVP (antidiuretic hormone) is disrupted due to hypothalamic or pituitary gland injury or dysfunction (Wilke, 2021), while CSW is characterized by hypovolemia and negative salt balance (Liangos & Madias, 2021). The utilization of Fractional excretion of Uric Acid and the fractional excretion of phosphate has consistently proven to be effective in distinguishing between SIADH and CSW (Rudolph & Gantioque, 2018).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both conditions will have blood hypo-osmolarity, hyponatremia, high urine specific gravity, and high urine sodium content [9]. Further, ADH levels are unreliable [9,10]. While SIADH will have high serum ADH levels from unprovoked release, in CSWS there is resultant hypovolemia which will be sensed by baroreceptors in the carotid body and lead to stimulation of ADH release from the pituitary, so both conditions could have elevations in ADH [9].…”
Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%