Differentials and trends in emergency department visits due to alcohol intoxication and co-occurring conditions among students in a U.S. public university

Ngo, Duc Anh; Ait-Daoud, Nassima; Rege, Saumitra V.; Ding, Christopher; Gallion, Lauren; Davis, Shane W.; Holstege, Christopher P.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.029

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Moreover, universities house large numbers of individuals at a point in neurobiological development that represent a particular risk for substance misuse and/or addiction (Steinberg, 2010). As a result, college students engage in elevated rates of binge drinking (Silveri, 2012; Wechsler et al, 1994) and experience high rates of alcohol‐related physical/sexual violence (Ngo, Ait‐Daoud, et al, 2018; Wechsler et al, 1994) and/or death (Ngo, Rege, et al, 2018). Nevertheless, despite the current sample representing an important population, the current findings would be strengthened by replicating these findings in a larger, more diverse population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

Stancato

Schneider

Reed

et al. 2020

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The reinforcer pathologies model of addiction posits that two characteristic patterns of operant behavior characterize addiction. Specifically, individuals suffering from addiction have elevated levels of behavioral economic demand for their substances of abuse and have an elevated tendency to devalue delayed rewards (reflected in high delay discounting rates). Prior research has demonstrated that these behavioral economic markers are significant predictors of many of college students' alcohol‐related problems. Delay discounting, however, is a complex behavioral performance likely undergirded by multiple behavioral processes. Emerging analytical approaches have isolated the role of participants' sensitivity to changes in reinforcer magnitude and changes in reinforcer delay. The current study uses these analytic approaches to compare participants' discounting of money versus alcohol, and to build regression models that leverage these new insights to predict a wider range of college students' alcohol related problems. Using these techniques, we were able to 1) demonstrate that individuals differed in their sensitivity to magnitudes of alcohol versus money, but not sensitivity to delays to those commodities and 2) that we could use our behavioral economic measures to predict a range of students' alcohol related problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

Stancato

Schneider

Reed

et al. 2020

J Exper Analysis Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Second, the injury difference‐in‐difference models were estimated using only injuries specifically designated as alcohol‐related. The main models included all injuries because the majority of alcohol‐related hospitalizations, particularly for injuries, are not marked as such in diagnostic codes [33–37], so many relevant injuries are unlikely to be captured by stricter definitions. Nonetheless, results using a narrower definition should mirror those of the wider definition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Washington's liquor license system and alcohol‐related adverse health outcomes

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims In June 2012, Washington state (USA) implemented Initiative 1183, privatizing liquor sales. As a result, off‐premises outlets increased from 330 to over 1400 and trading hours lengthened. Increased availability of liquor may lead to increased consumption. This study examines the impact of Initiative 1183 on alcohol‐related adverse health outcomes, measured by inpatient hospitalizations for alcohol‐related disorders and accidental injuries. It further assesses heterogeneity by urbanicity, because outlets increased most in metropolitan‐urban areas. Design County‐by‐quarter difference‐in‐difference linear regression models, estimated statewide and within metropolitan/rural strata. Setting and Participants Data are from AHRQ Healthcare Cost and Utilization State Inpatient Database 2010–2014 and HHS Area Health Resource File 2010–2014. Changes in the rates of hospitalizations in the 2.5 years following Initiative 1183 in Washington (n = 39 counties) are compared with changes in Oregon (n = 36 counties). Measurements County rates of hospitalizations per 1000 residents, including all records with any‐listed ICD‐9 Clinical Classification Software code denoting an alcohol‐related disorder, and all records with any‐listed external cause of injury code denoting an accidental injury. Findings The increase in the rate of accidental injury hospitalizations in Washington's metropolitan‐urban counties was on average 0.289 hospitalizations per 1000 county residents per quarter greater than the simultaneous increase observed in Oregon (P = 0.017). This result was robust to alternative specifications using a propensity score matched sample and synthetic control methods with data from other comparison states. The evidence did not suggest that Initiative 1183 was associated with differential changes in the rate of hospitalizations for alcohol‐related disorders in metropolitan‐urban (P = 0.941), non‐metropolitan‐urban (P = 0.162), or rural counties (P = 0.876). Conclusions Implementing Washington's Initiative 1183 (privatizing liquor sales) appears to have been associated with a significant increase in the rate of accidental injury hospitalizations in urban counties in that state but does not appear to be significantly associated with changes in the rate of hospitalizations specifically for alcohol‐related disorders within 2.5 years.

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“…Nonetheless, it is not well known whether or not nursing students engage in at-risk substance use or experience higher rates of substance-related issues when compared to other college majors. A study by Ngo et al (2018) examined nearly 10,000 college student emergency department (ED) visits over a 5-year period and found that 10% of ED visits were related to alcohol intoxication. Of ED visits related to alcohol intoxication, rates were highest among undergraduate nursing students, who accounted for 15% of college students seeking emergent care for alcohol intoxication (Ngo et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Ngo et al (2018) examined nearly 10,000 college student emergency department (ED) visits over a 5-year period and found that 10% of ED visits were related to alcohol intoxication. Of ED visits related to alcohol intoxication, rates were highest among undergraduate nursing students, who accounted for 15% of college students seeking emergent care for alcohol intoxication (Ngo et al, 2018). Conversely, Hensel et al (2016) examined differences in drinking patterns between 123 female nursing and 185 female nonnursing students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use and Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences in Undergraduate and Graduate Nursing Students

Kameg¹,

Lindsay

Lee

et al. 2020

J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc

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BACKGROUND: Substance misuse remains a public health crisis and contributor to morbidity and mortality. The nursing workforce is not immune to the impacts of substance misuse as rates are thought to mirror those of the general population. Additionally, as substance misuse often begins in adolescence or early adulthood, prevalence of misuse among practicing nurses highlights the fact that students are also at risk. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine rates and patterns of substance use and adverse childhood experience (ACE) exposure among nursing students while also examining associations between substance use and ACE exposure. METHOD: This study utilizes a cross-sectional and descriptive design through the provision of email surveys to nursing students. Email surveys consisting of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Drug Abuse Screening Tool 10-item survey, the ACE Questionnaire, and a demographic inquiry were distributed via Qualtrics survey software. RESULTS: A total of 662 individuals participated in the survey, the majority of whom self-identified as female, were undergraduate students, and were between 18 and 21 years. Moderate- to high-risk alcohol use was identified in 20% of students, while moderate- to high-risk drug use was identified in 3.6% of students. More than half of students endorsed exposure to at least one ACE. Significant associations were found between the Drug Abuse Screening Tool 10-item survey and the ACE Questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have significant implications for nursing educators and must inform groundwork for the development of policies and interventions that are evidence based, nonpunitive, and trauma informed.

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Differentials and trends in emergency department visits due to alcohol intoxication and co-occurring conditions among students in a U.S. public university

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

Washington's liquor license system and alcohol‐related adverse health outcomes

Substance Use and Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences in Undergraduate and Graduate Nursing Students

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