Differential working memory impairment in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: effects of lifetime history of psychosis

Glahn, David C.; Bearden, Carrie E.; Çakιr, Sibel; Barrett, Jennifer; Najt, Pablo; Monkul, E. Serap; Maples, Natalie; Velligan, Dawn I.; Soares, Jair C.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00296.x

Cited by 153 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Some researchers argue for separating patients with psychotic BD from those without psychosis, based on differences in genetics and brain abnormalities (Glahn et al 2006;Pearlson et al 1995;Potash 2006), and stress the similarity of psychotic BD and SZ. We currently are gathering data on a larger sample of patients with BD, and we aim to construct psychotic and non-psychotic subgroups of sufficient size to support such analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological Functioning in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Schretlen

Cascella

Meyer

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

230

139

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, determining whether SZ and BD are characterized by similar or different neuropsychological profiles could be useful, especially if they are distinct enough to serve as illness markers (Glahn et al 2006;Glahn et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Functioning in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Schretlen

Cascella

Meyer

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

230

139

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“…For example, Simonsen et al (2011) found no differences between schizoaffective and bipolar patients with a history of psychotic symptoms on a battery of seven tests covering memory, processing speed and executive function, but the schizoaffective patients showed significantly worse performance compared to patients with non-psychotic forms of bipolar disorder on four of these tests. Glahn et al (2006) found no differences between schizoaffective and psychotic bipolar patients on three tests of short-term and working memory. Greater differences from nonpsychotic bipolar patients were evident on all the tests, but the authors did not state whether these reached significance.…”

Section: Neurocognitionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Neuropsychological and Brain Functional Changes Across the Different Phases of Schizoaffective Disorder

Merce

Raduà

Amann

2015

European Psychiatry

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Schizoaffective disorder was first described by J. Kasanin in 1933, since then its nosology remains a matter of controversy. We aim to add further neurobiological findings to this debate.Memory and executive function were tested in 22 acutely ill schizoaffective patients; they also underwent fMRI scanning during performance of the n-back working memory test. The same measures were obtained after they had been in remission for ≥2 months. 22 matched healthy individuals were also examined.Compared to controls, acute schizoaffective patients showed reduced activation in the DLPFC and also a failure of deactivation in the medial frontal cortex (1).In clinical remission, schizomanic patients showed an improvement of memory but not of executive function, while schizodepressive patients did not change in either domain. All schizoaffective patients in clinical remission showed memory and executive impairment compared to the controls. On fMRI, acutely ill schizomanic patients had reversible frontal hypo-activation when compared to clinical remission, while activation patterns in ill and remitted schizodepressive patients were similar. The whole group of schizoaffective patients in clinical remission showed a failure of de-activation in the medial frontal gyrus compared to the healthy controls. There was evidence for memory improvement and state dependent changes in activation in schizomanic patients across relapse and remission (2).The results demonstrate that schizoaffective disorder is characterized by medial frontal failure of deactivation and hence default mode network dysfunction (3), which is present during both active illness and remission suggesting that it is a trait factor for the disorder.

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“…Alterations in the prefrontal cortex are consistently implicated in psychiatric disorders, where studies have reported decreased metabolism, morphological changes [22] and increased oxidative damage [23]. Prefrontal cortex has a high relative density of dopaminergic projections compared with other cortical regions [24], and dopamine is involved in the regulation of working memory by the prefrontal cortex [25], which is impaired in patients with schizophrenia [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%