Differential segregation of protective immunity by encoded antigen in DNA vaccine against pseudorabies virus

Abstract

Summary A murine model immunized with plasmid DNA vaccine expressing three glycoproteins pCIgB, pCIgC and pCIgD were used to examine the relative potency of major glycoproteins as well as the contribution of immunological parameters in providing protective immunity against the pseudorabies virus (PrV). Among the three glycoprotein-encoded plasmid DNA vaccines, pCIgB produced the strongest response of PrV-specific IgG in the sera. pCIgB and pCIgD also induced a contrast pattern of immunity that was biased to the Th1 and Th2 types, respectively. pCIgC showed the potent inducer of CD8 1 T-cell-mediated CTL activity against PrV. In addition, a cocktail vaccination of all three glycoproteinencoded plasmid DNA vaccines induced the production of both cytokine types, Th1 and Th2 with levels that were the same as that of each immunogen. With regard to protective efficacy, pCIgB induced the most effective protection against a virulent virus challenge and a cocktail vaccination appeared to offer complete protection against a 5 LD 50 challenge, but not a 10 LD 50 one. pCIgD induced protection that was same as pCIgB, but pCIgC offered no effective protection. These results show the relative potency of the three glycoprotein-encoded PrV DNA vaccines in inducing protective immunity against PrV infection. The results in this study support previous results showing the importance of Th1-type CD4 1 T cells and their antibodies in conferring protection.

Polarization of protective immunity induced by replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing glycoproteins of pseudorabies virus

“…The circles on the graph represent the individual IgG levels and the height of the bar shows the average of each group. P-values in graphs were calculated using the Student's t-test. previous report that illustrated the substantial role that gB plays as a dominant immunogen in the effective protection of a PrV DNA vaccination (Yoon et al, 2006). In addition, the strongest responses of Th1-type CD4 + T cells observed in this study were noted in mice that received gBexpressing plasmid DNA, which provided effective protection against a virulent viral infection (Yoon et al, 2006).…”

“…There is increasing evidence that cell-mediated immunity is important in effective induction of protective immunity against herpesviruses Fischer et al, 2000;Eo et al, 2001;van Rooil et al, 2004;La et al, 2005), and the significance of Th1-type CD4 + effector T cells in protective immunity has been demonstrated with a PrV-infected murine model Yoon et al, 2006). In our study, the replication-incompetent adenoviruses expressing gB showed Th1-biased immunity, which provided protection against PrV infection.…”

“…P-values in graphs were calculated using the Student's t-test. previous report that illustrated the substantial role that gB plays as a dominant immunogen in the effective protection of a PrV DNA vaccination (Yoon et al, 2006). In addition, the strongest responses of Th1-type CD4 + T cells observed in this study were noted in mice that received gBexpressing plasmid DNA, which provided effective protection against a virulent viral infection (Yoon et al, 2006). However, our results differed from another study which found that recombinant gD-expressing adenoviruses induced the most potent responses of neutralizing antibody of the three major glycoproteins , but with no absolute correlation between the presence of detectable neutralizing antibodies to gD prior to challenge and protection from disease.…”

“…Three major glycoproteins (gB, gC, and gD) are involved in the essential steps in the progress of PrV infection because of their roles in the induction of protective immune responses against virus infection, as noted in vaccination experiments with mouse or pig models van Rooij et al, 1998;Hong et al, 2002;Yoon et al, 2006). Several B-cell epitopes detected on PrV gB and gC glycoproteins (Ober et al, 1998;Zaripov et al, 1998Zaripov et al, , 1999Ober et al, 2000) and T-cell epitopes detected on the PrV gC glycoprotein (Ober et al, 1998;Ober et al, 2000) induce both humoral and cytotoxic responses (van Rooij et al, 1998(van Rooij et al, , 2000.…”

A Eukaryotic Expression Plasmid Carrying Chicken Interleukin-18 Enhances the Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine

“…However, the short half-lives of recombinant cytokines and the side effects caused by repetitive administration are major disadvantages for their use (39). Previous reports showed that the direct injection of cytokine genes into muscles might modulate immune responses (18,40,41). Here, we report a eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying ChIL-18 in order to investigate its immunogenic potential as a genetic adjuvant for inducing immune responses in chickens.…”