Differential responses of resistant and susceptible tomato varieties to inoculation with Alternaria solani

Ray, Sarmistha; Mondal, Somnath; Chowdhury, Saheli; Kundu, S. S.

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2015.04.002

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Despite a major interest in the host-pathogen interaction during early stages of infection by a fungal pathogen, there remain major gaps in knowledge (Tang et al, 2013;Chowdhury et al, 2014;Ray et al, 2015). The phenomenon of resistance and susceptibility depends on a fine balance of several factors, including that of the invading organism, the host and the environment (Chowdhury et al, 2014;Ray et al, 2015). Due to the difficulty in studying the host-pathogen interaction in the early phases of infection, there are very few reports about these stages for most plant diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the difficulty in studying the host-pathogen interaction in the early phases of infection, there are very few reports about these stages for most plant diseases. Similarly, reports that describe comprehensively how pathogen behaviour is influenced by the susceptibility or resistance of host plants are even fewer (Garg et al, 2010;Zvirin et al, 2010;Ray et al, 2015). Although sheath blight is a major disease of rice, previous reports do not provide detailed description of the infection process nor the fungal behaviour in the vicinity of and on tolerant and susceptible hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyphae of R. solani were genetically transformed with the vector pCAMBIA1302 carrying the gfp reporter gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 following the method described by Sharma & Kuhad (2010) with modifications. Agrobacterium was grown in Luria Bertani (LB) medium containing 25 mg L À1 rifampicin and 50 mg L À1 kanamycin and transformed R. solani was selected on PDA supplemented with 200 lg mL À1 hygromycin and 500 lg mL À1 cefotaxime (Ray et al, 2015). The transformed mycelia were observed under the fluorescence microscope (Leica DMLS) to check for the expression of GFP.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential behaviour of sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in tolerant and susceptible rice varieties before and during infection

Basu

Chowdhury

Chaudhuri³

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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This study characterized the early infection and establishment of the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani on a tolerant rice variety, Swarnadhaan (IET 5656), and a susceptible variety, Swarna (MTU 7029). Assays using whole plants showed that disease severity was higher in Swarna than Swarnadhaan. In a detached leaf assay, Swarnadhaan showed a disease index that was 50% less than that with Swarna. Rhizoctonia solani exhibited different growth behaviour in the tolerant and susceptible varieties. The pathogen showed more hyphal growth in the susceptible host than in the tolerant variety. It also showed profuse branching, making intimate contact with the host surface to form more inter‐ and intracellular structures, and greater sclerotial development in the susceptible host compared to the tolerant one. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, it was observed for the first time that the pathogen could intercept host surface structures and use these for anchorage or penetration. Transformed R. solani, expressing green fluorescent protein, was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy to investigate pathogen behaviour, including the formation of infection cushions and subsequent colonization of the host tissues. This is the first ultrastructural report to characterize the differential behaviour of the sheath blight pathogen in the vicinity and within tolerant and susceptible rice plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential behaviour of sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in tolerant and susceptible rice varieties before and during infection

Basu

Chowdhury

Chaudhuri³

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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show abstract

“…For RT-PCR and qRT-PCR, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were done according to published protocol (Chowdhury et al, 2014b). All q-RT-PCR reactions were done following our protocol (Ray et al, 2015) (Applied Biosystems, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of a New Osmotin-Like Protein Gene (SindOLP) Confers Tolerance against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Sesame

2017

Self Cite

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Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs), of PR-5 family, mediate defense against abiotic, and biotic stresses in plants. Overexpression in sesame of an OLP gene (SindOLP), enhanced tolerance against drought, salinity, oxidative stress, and the charcoal rot pathogen. SindOLP was expressed in all parts and localized to the cytosol. The transgenic plants recovered after prolonged drought and salinity stress, showing less electrolyte leakage, more water content, longer roots, and smaller stomatal aperture compared to control plants. There was an increase in osmolytes, ROS-scavenging enzymes, chlorophyll content, proline, secondary metabolites, and reduced lipid peroxidation in the transgenic sesame under multiple stresses. The OLP gene imparted increased tolerance through the increased expression of three genes coding for ROS scavenging enzymes and five defense-related marker genes functioning in the JA/ET and SA pathways, namely Si-Apetala2, Si-Ethylene-responsive factor, Si-Defensin, Si-Chitinase, and Si-Thaumatin-like protein were monitored. The transgenic lines showed greater survival under different stresses compared to control through the integrated activation of multiple components of the defense signaling cascade. This is the first report of transgenic sesame and first of any study done on defense-related genes in sesame. This is also the first attempt at understanding the molecular mechanism underlying multi-stress tolerance imparted by an OLP.

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“…Some studies have investigated the physiological and molecular defense response of resistant tomato lines against A. solani compared to susceptible lines. EB resistance was associated with enhanced expression of TPK1b (a defense-related gene), increased accumulation of H 2 O 2 , phenolic compounds and superoxide anion, a higher percentage of cross-linking and polyphenol activity, decreased DNA damage and less reduction in cell viability [ 81 ]. These data might be useful in understanding the basis of EB resistance, hence to develop resistant tomato lines against EB [ 81 ].…”

Section: Genetic Source Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update

Adhikari

Panthee

2017

IJMS

162

102

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Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of Alternaria including Alternaria linariae (which includes A. solani and A. tomatophila), as well as A. alternata. In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%. Alternaria are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including Solanum habrochaites, Solanum arcanum and S. pimpinellifolium, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects.

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Differential responses of resistant and susceptible tomato varieties to inoculation with Alternaria solani

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Differential behaviour of sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in tolerant and susceptible rice varieties before and during infection

Differential behaviour of sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in tolerant and susceptible rice varieties before and during infection

Overexpression of a New Osmotin-Like Protein Gene (SindOLP) Confers Tolerance against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Sesame

Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update

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