Differential Regulation of Neocortical Synapses by Neuromodulators and Activity

Gil, Ziv; Connors, Barry W.; Amitai, Yael

doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80380-3

Cited by 505 publications

(513 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

451

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For each drug the depression started with the short latency response component and occurred throughout ail cortical lamina. Depression of intracortical evoked responses following application of Aeh or muscarinic agonists has been previously described in the neocortex (Hsieh et al, 2000;Gil et al, 1997;Vidal & Cbangeux, 1989, 1992. Although all doses ofexogenous Ach depressed the intracortical response, ooly high doses of endogenous Ach were sufticient to produce depression.…”

Section: Intracortica/ Muscarinic Depressionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The short-tenn dynamics of these two pathways correspond ta what would he expected given differences in release probability. In particular, the thalamocortical synapses display depression whereas the intracortical synapses display either slight facilitation or modest depression (Gil et al, 1997).…”

Section: The Decrementai Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is an elegant method of accessing thalamocortical tibers, because it isolates a pure pathway from VPM to barrel cortex. Previous studies that have used electrical stimulation of the thalamus, in vitro (Gil et al, 1997;Hsieh et al, 2000) and in vivo (Gioanni et al, 1999), to investigate the modulation of thaIamocortical and intraeortical pathways, are plagued by the criticism that stimulation of the thalamus produces antidromic activation of corticothalamic neurons. Sînce corticothaiamic neurons produce intr8Cortical…”

Section: Goal Of Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous results have indicated that it bas selective effects on different pathways (Gil et al, 1997;Hsieh et al, 2000). In the cunent study, Ach was applied via microdialysis to the neocortex to examine its effects on the sensory and intraeortical pathways.…”

Section: Effects Ofexogenous Acetylcholinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…electrophysiological studies have shown nicotine to he important in modulating neurotransmitter release at thalamocortical synapses (Gil et al, 1997;Gioanni, 1999), as weil as at intracortical synapses (Vidal & Changeux, 1993). Additionally, they have been localized to inhibitory intemeurons in the neocortex (McCormick "Prince, 1985;Xiang et al, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Intracortica/ Muscarinic Depressionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: The Decrementai Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Goal Of Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Ofexogenous Acetylcholinementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vivo modulation of a cortical functional sensory representation shortly after topical cholinergic agent application

Penschuck

Chen-Bee

Prakash

et al. 2002

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to determine whether cholinergic increase in the size of a functional representation (collective evoked response from a large population of neurons) can be observed shortly (within an hour) after treatment onset and whether nicotinic receptors can participate in this type of modulation. Cholinergic agonist application has been found previously to increase the response of a single cortical neuron to a stimulus. Also, pairing cholinergic basal forebrain stimulation with delivery of a tone has been reported to increase the size of that tone's functional representation. Whereas the increase in a single cortical neuron response can occur within seconds after cholinergic agonist application, to date the increase in the size of a functional representation has only been investigated within one to several weeks after the onset of pairing basal forebrain stimulation with tone delivery. Furthermore, primarily muscarinic receptors have been implicated in these types of changes in cortical activity. By using optical imaging of intrinsic signals in vivo, we found that the size of a whisker's functional representation in the primary somatosensory cortex of the rat increases substantially within 69 or 46 minutes after topical application of either a muscarinic or nicotinic agonist to the exposed cortex, respectively, and decreases within 23 minutes after topical application of a muscarinic antagonist. For each cholinergic agent, we verified that delivery of a cholinergic agent by means of topical application can lead to the agent's successful penetration through the cortical layers in the time allotted to complete an imaging experiment. Furthermore, the time course of penetration for each agent was characterized. Based on the combined imaging/penetration results, we speculate on potential sites of cholinergic action in the cortex. Irrespective of the exact mechanism of action, we demonstrate here that an increase in the size of a functional sensory representation can occur shortly by means of activation of either nicotinic or muscarinic receptors.

show abstract

Differential expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors across excitatory and inhibitory cells in visual cortical areas V1 and V2 of the macaque monkey

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cholinergic neuromodulation, a candidate mechanism for aspects of attention, is complex and is not well understood. Because structure constrains function, quantitative anatomy is an invaluable tool for reducing such a challenging problem. Our goal was to determine the extent to which m1 and m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are expressed by inhibitory vs. excitatory neurons in the early visual cortex. To this end, V1 and V2 of macaque monkeys were immunofluorescently labelled for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and either m1 or m2 mAChRs. Among the GABA-immunoreactive (ir) neurons, 61% in V1 and 63% in V2 were m1 AChR-ir, whereas 28% in V1 and 43% in V2 were m2 AChR-ir. In V1, both mAChRs were expressed by fewer than 10% of excitatory neurons. However, in V2, the population of mAChR-ir excitatory neurons was at least double that observed in V1. We also examined m1 and m2 AChR immunoreactivity in layers 2 and 3 of area V1 under the electron microscope and found evidence that GABAergic neurons localize mAChRs to the soma, whereas glutamatergic neurons expressed mAChRs more strongly in dendrites. Axon and terminal labelling was generally weak. These data represent the first quantitative anatomical study of m1 and m2 AChR expression in the cortex of any species. In addition, the increased expression in excitatory neurons across the V1/V2 border may provide a neural basis for the observation that attentional effects gain strength up through the visual pathway from area V1 through V2 to V4 and beyond.

show abstract

Differential Regulation of Neocortical Synapses by Neuromodulators and Activity

Cited by 505 publications

References 58 publications

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

In vivo modulation of a cortical functional sensory representation shortly after topical cholinergic agent application

Differential expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors across excitatory and inhibitory cells in visual cortical areas V1 and V2 of the macaque monkey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About