Differential regulation of IL-4 expression and degranulation by anti-allergic olopatadine in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells

Degranulation Inhibitors from Medicinal Plants in Antigen-Stimulated Rat Basophilic Leukemia (RBL-2H3) Cells

“…3. [1][2][3][4]26,30,31,33) In our study using commercially available kinases (Z′-LYTE assay kit, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, U.S.A.), 7 and 9 inhibited the enzyme activity of Syk and MLCK2 partly correlated with their effects on the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. Furthermore, 7 and 9 inhibited the phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T cells (LAT) which is a target protein of Syk, and myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC, myosin light chain 2) which is a target protein of MLCK.…”

“…The late-phase reaction is caused by release of mediators such as major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and LTC 4 from eosinophils and are dependent on the activity of Th 2 cells. [1][2][3][4] Several flavones [apigenin (4), luteolin (5)], flavonols [kaempferol (7), quercetin (9)] inhibit the antigen-induced release of TNF-α and IL-4 in sensitized RBL-2H3 cells 6) (Table 1). In addition, a chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) also inhibits degranulation and the release of TNF-α and IL-4.…”

“…[1][2][3][4]26) Several flavonoids such as luteolin (5) and quercetin (9) were reported to inhibit IgE-mediated Ca 2+ influx and the activation of protein kinase C, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and c-jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK), but not the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and then inhibit the release of LTs and PGD 2 and expression of GM-CSF mRNA in cultured human mast cells.…”

“…i ) level plays an essential role in the degranulation process. [1][2][3][4] Histamine, which is released from mast cells and basophils stimulated by an immunoglobulin E (IgE)/antigen or a degranulation inducer, is usually determined as a degranulation marker of immediate allergic reactions in in vitro experiments. β-Hexosaminidase is also stored in secretory granules of the cells, and is released concomitantly with histamine when the cells are immunologically activated.…”

Double-culture Method Enhances the in Vitro Inhibition of Atopy-inducing Factors by Lactococcus lactis

“…In general, atopic dermatitis is caused by an imbalance of Th1/Th2 reactions and is worsened by increase of IgE due to the suppression of Th1 cells by Th2 cytokines [26,27]. When the activated mast cells are exposed to the allergen again, it contributes to chronic allergic reactions through the increased transcription of cytokine genes such as IL-4 and IL-13 [31]. Therefore, if the expression of IL-4 and IL-13 could be controlled, it may be possible to alleviate the allergic reaction or suppress the progression of the acute allergic reaction to the chronic state.…”