Differential protease activity augments polyphagy in <i><scp>H</scp>elicoverpa armigera</i>

Chikate, Yojana R.; Tamhane, Vaijayanti A.; Joshi, Rakesh S.; Gupta, Vidya S.; Giri, Ashok P.

doi:10.1111/imb.12018

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…; Chikate et al . ). In this study, 16 digestion‐related genes showed plastic responses in Heliconius melpomene larvae after the host plant shift (Table S5, Supporting information).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The transcriptome response of Heliconius melpomene larvae to a novel host plant

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Molecular Ecology

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In the warfare between herbivore and host plant, insects have evolved a variety of defensive mechanisms, including allelochemical transformation and excretion. Several studies have explored the transcriptome responses of insects after host plant shifts to understand these mechanisms. We investigated the plastic responses of Heliconius melpomene larvae feeding on a native host Passiflora menispermifolia and a less strongly defended nonhost species, Passiflora biflora. In total, 326 differentially expressed genes were identified, with a greater number upregulated on the more strongly defended native host. Functional annotation showed that detoxifying enzymes, transporters and components of peritrophic membrane were strongly represented. In total, 30 candidate detoxification genes were differentially expressed, with glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) showing the highest proportion of differential expression, 27.3% and 17.3%, respectively. These differentially expressed detoxification genes were shown to evolve mainly under the influence of purifying selection, suggesting that protein-coding evolution has not played a major role in host adaptation. We found only one gene, GSTe3, with evidence of adaptive evolution at H40, which is around the G-site and might alter enzyme activity. Based on our transcriptome and molecular evolution analysis, we suggest that transcriptional plasticity of genes in a herbivore may play an important role in adaptation to a new host plant.

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“…; Chikate et al . ). In this study, 16 digestion‐related genes showed plastic responses in Heliconius melpomene larvae after the host plant shift (Table S5, Supporting information).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The transcriptome response of Heliconius melpomene larvae to a novel host plant

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Molecular Ecology

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“…Larvae of Helicoverpa armigera have been shown to modify the expression of gut proteases according to their diet (Chikate et al, 2013).…”

Section: Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The arms race between heliconiine butterflies and Passiflora plants – new insights on an ancient subject

et al. 2017

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Heliconiines are called passion vine butterflies because they feed exclusively on Passiflora plants during the larval stage. Many features of Passiflora and heliconiines indicate that they have radiated and speciated in association with each other, and therefore this model system was one of the first examples used to exemplify coevolution theory. Three major adaptations of Passiflora plants supported arguments in favour of their coevolution with heliconiines: unusual variation of leaf shape within the genus; the occurrence of yellow structures mimicking heliconiine eggs; and their extensive diversity of defence compounds called cyanogenic glucosides. However, the protection systems of Passiflora plants go beyond these three features. Trichomes, mimicry of pathogen infection through variegation, and production of extrafloral nectar to attract ants and other predators of their herbivores, are morphological defences reported in this plant genus. Moreover, Passiflora plants are well protected chemically, not only by cyanogenic glucosides, but also by other compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenolics. Heliconiines can synthesize cyanogenic glucosides themselves, and their ability to handle these compounds was probably one of the most crucial adaptations that allowed the ancestor of these butterflies to feed on Passiflora plants. Indeed, it has been shown that Heliconius larvae can sequester cyanogenic glucosides and alkaloids from their host plants and utilize them for their own benefit. Recently, it was discovered that Heliconius adults have highly accurate visual and chemosensory systems, and the expansion of brain structures that can process such information allows them to memorize shapes and display elaborate pre-oviposition behaviour in order to defeat visual barriers evolved by Passiflora species. Even though the heliconiine-Passiflora model system has been intensively studied, the forces driving host-plant preference in these butterflies remain unclear. New studies have shown that host-plant preference seems to be genetically controlled, but in many species there is some plasticity in this choice and preferences can even be induced. Although much knowledge regarding the coevolution of Passiflora plants and heliconiine butterflies has accumulated in recent decades, there remain many exciting unanswered questions concerning this model system.

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“…In our previous study using artificial diet, the elevation of nutrient contents increased the activities of these three enzymes (Janković‐Tomanić ). In addition, the presence of enzyme inhibitors and toxins in food is known to up‐regulate digestive enzymes of herbivore insects (Chikate et al ; Gog et al ; Roy et al ). It is therefore expected that the activities of these three enzymes are higher when reared with locust tree leaves.…”

Section: Mean Squares (Ms) From Three‐way Anova For Specific Activitimentioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐associated divergence in the activity of digestive enzymes in two populations of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

Lazarević

Janković-Tomanić

Savković

et al. 2017

Entomological Science

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The gypsy moth is a generalist insect pest with an extremely wide host range. Adaptive responses of digestive enzymes are important for the successful utilization of plant hosts that differ in the contents and ratios of constituent nutrients and allelochemicals. In the present study, we examined the responses of α‐amylase, trypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase to two tree hosts (suitable oak, Quercus cerris, and unsuitable locust tree, Robinia pseudoacacia) in the fourth, fifth, and sixth instars of gypsy moth larvae originating from oak and locust tree forest populations (hereafter assigned as Quercus and Robinia populations, respectively). Gypsy moths from the Robinia forest had been adapting to this unsuitable host for more than 40 generations. To test for population‐level host plant specialization, we applied a two‐population × two‐host experimental design. We compared the levels, developmental patterns, and plasticities of the activities of enzymes. The locust tree diet increased enzyme activity in the fourth instar and reduced activity in advanced instars of the Quercus larvae in comparison to the oak diet. These larvae also exhibited opposite developmental trajectories on the two hosts, i.e. activity increased on the oak diet and decreased on the locust tree diet with the progress of instar. Larvae of the Robinia population were characterized by reduced plasticity of enzyme activity and its developmental trajectories. In addition, elevated trypsin activity in response to an unsuitable host was observed in all instar larvae of the Robinia population, which demonstrated that Robinia larvae had an improved digestive performance than did Quercus larvae.

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Differential protease activity augments polyphagy in Helicoverpa armigera

Cited by 49 publications

References 62 publications

The transcriptome response of Heliconius melpomene larvae to a novel host plant

The transcriptome response of Heliconius melpomene larvae to a novel host plant

The arms race between heliconiine butterflies and Passiflora plants – new insights on an ancient subject

Host‐associated divergence in the activity of digestive enzymes in two populations of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

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