Differential predation drives the geographical divergence in multiple traits in aposematic frogs

Kang, Changku; Sherratt, Thomas N.; Kim, Ye Eun; Shin, Yujin; Moon, Jee Youn; Song, Uhram; Kang, Jae Yeon; Kim, Kyungmin; Jang, Yikweon

doi:10.1093/beheco/arx076

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, Discoglossus pictus introduced into Europe show a gradient of morphological variations covariating with habitat selection [ 23 ]. Finally, drift because of the island effect is illustrated by species on Jeju Island in the Republic of Korea, appearing darker in relation to the predation pressure ( Bombina orientalis ; [ 25 ]) or for yet undetermined reasons ( Gloydius ussuriensis [ 26 ]), or larger for yet unknown reasons ( Dryophytes japonicus [ 27 , 28 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Impacts of Speciation, Sympatry and the Island Effect on the Morphology of Seven Hynobius sp. Salamanders

Borzée

Min

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Closely related individuals from different areas can see their morphologies change based on differences between clades, but also ecological variables such as the island effect or sympatry. This is the case of salamanders, which have adapted to a broad range of ecological niches, ranging from underground dwellers in xeric landscape to tropical arboreal habitats. On the Korean Peninsula, salamanders from the Hynobius clade are widespread on the mainland and islands, with several partially sympatric clades and candidate species. Currently, seven lineages have been identified based on mtDNA, four of them matching named species and three others for which the species status remains untested. While the morphology of Korean Hynobius is known to be variable between genetically segregated clades, we hypothesise that (1) the candidate species are morphologically different, and that (2) the island effect and (3) the sympatric status have significant impacts on the morphology of individuals within the genus. Here we measured 329 Hynobius salamanders from all seven clades, in areas of sympatry and allopatry, and on islands and on the mainland (Graphical Abstract A). We determined that the island effect had a significant impact on the morphology of the genus, with mainland individuals generally displaying a broader range of morphology than islandic individuals (Graphical Abstract B). We also determined that sympatry had an impact on morphology, with the sizes of individuals from clades in sympatric areas diverging from each other (Graphical Abstract C). Finally, we demonstrated that all seven clades have significantly different morphologies, and we described the three candidate species that had already been isolated based on mtDNA and microsatellite data: Hynobius notialis sp. nov., Hynobius geojeensis sp. nov. and Hynobius perplicatus sp. nov. We conclude that looking at morphology alone would be misleading about the true diversity of Hynobius species, and species in general, because of the island and patry effects.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Impacts of Speciation, Sympatry and the Island Effect on the Morphology of Seven Hynobius sp. Salamanders

Borzée

Min

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…B. orientalis colonized Jeju Island during the Cenozoic Era via a single dispersal event from the mainland (estimated mean population age, 4.32 Ma), and no gene flow has occurred since then ( Fong et al, 2016 ). After this separation, the mainland and Jeju Island populations have diverged phenotypically ( Kang et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat ephemerality affects the evolution of contrasting growth strategies and cannibalism in anuran larvae

Kim

Yoo

et al. 2021

PeerJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ephemeral streams are challenging environments for tadpoles; thus, adaptive features that increase the survival of these larvae should be favored by natural selection. In this study, we compared the adaptive growth strategies of Bombina orientalis (the oriental fire-bellied toad) tadpoles from ephemeral streams with those of such tadpoles from non-ephemeral streams. Using a common garden experiment, we tested the interactive effects of location (ephemeral vs. non-ephemeral), food availability, and growing density on larval period, weight at metamorphosis, and cannibalism. We found that tadpoles from ephemeral streams underwent a shorter larval period compared with those from non-ephemeral streams but that this difference was contingent on food availability. The observed faster growth is likely to be an adaptive response because tadpoles in ephemeral streams experience more biotic/abiotic stressors, such as desiccation risk and limited resources, compared with those in non-ephemeral streams, with their earlier metamorphosis potentially resulting in survival benefits. As a trade-off for their faster growth, tadpoles from ephemeral streams generally had a lower body weight at metamorphosis compared with those from non-ephemeral streams. We also found lower cannibalism rates among tadpoles from ephemeral streams, which can be attributed to the indirect fitness costs of cannibalizing their kin. Our study demonstrates how ephemeral habitats have affected the evolutionary change in cannibalistic behaviors in anurans and provides additional evidence that natural selection has mediated the evolution of growth strategies of tadpoles in ephemeral streams.

show abstract

“…B. orientalis colonized Jeju Island during the Cenozoic Era via a single dispersal event from the mainland (estimated mean population age, 4.32 Ma), and no gene ow has occurred since then (Fong et al 2016). After this separation, the mainland and Jeju Island populations have diverged phenotypically (Kang et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat ephemerality affects the evolution of contrasting growth strategies and cannibalism in anuran larvae

Kim

Yoo

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ephemeral streams are challenging environments for tadpoles; thus adaptive features that increase the survival of these larvae should be favored by natural selection. In this study, we compared the adaptive growth strategies of Bombina orientalis (the oriental fire-bellied toad) tadpoles from ephemeral streams with those of such tadpoles from non-ephemeral streams. Using a common garden experiment, we tested the interactive effects of location (ephemeral vs. non-ephemeral), food availability, and growing density on larval period, weight at metamorphosis, and cannibalism. We found that tadpoles from ephemeral streams underwent a shorter larval period compared with those from non-ephemeral streams but that this difference was contingent on food availability and density. The observed faster growth is likely to be an adaptive response because tadpoles in ephemeral streams experience more biotic/abiotic stressors, such as desiccation risk and limited resources, compared with those in non-ephemeral streams, with their earlier metamorphosis potentially resulting in survival benefits. As a trade-off for their faster growth, tadpoles from ephemeral streams had a lower body weight at metamorphosis compared with those from non-ephemeral streams, but only when food was sufficient. We also found lower cannibalism rates among tadpoles from ephemeral streams, which can be attributed to the indirect fitness costs of cannibalizing their kin. Our study is the first to demonstrate how ephemeral habitats have affected the evolutionary change in cannibalistic behaviors in anurans and provides additional evidence that natural selection has mediated the evolution of growth strategies of tadpoles in ephemeral streams.

show abstract

Differential predation drives the geographical divergence in multiple traits in aposematic frogs

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Disentangling the Impacts of Speciation, Sympatry and the Island Effect on the Morphology of Seven Hynobius sp. Salamanders

Disentangling the Impacts of Speciation, Sympatry and the Island Effect on the Morphology of Seven Hynobius sp. Salamanders

Habitat ephemerality affects the evolution of contrasting growth strategies and cannibalism in anuran larvae

Habitat ephemerality affects the evolution of contrasting growth strategies and cannibalism in anuran larvae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About