Differential physico-chemical tolerances and intraguild predation among native and invasive amphipods (Crustacea); a field study

Neil, C; Bigsby, Ewan; Dick, Jaimie T. A.; Dunn, Alison M.

doi:10.1127/0003-9136/2003/0156-0165

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Male E. ischnus were more predaceous at high conductivity, whereas male G. fasciatus were more predaceous at low conductivity. Other studies have similarly found that the vulnerability of an individual to predation is influenced by suboptimal abiotic conditions (Dick and Platvoet 1996;MacNeil et al 2003). However, to our knowledge, this is the first observation of a native crustacean replacing an invader as the superior predator along an environmental gradient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, to our knowledge, this is the first observation of a native crustacean replacing an invader as the superior predator along an environmental gradient. In previous studies of predatory interactions between native and exotic crustaceans, the impact of the superior species on the inferior species was reduced in unfavourable abiotic conditions, but the predator-prey relationship was not reversed (Dick and Platvoet 1996;Hunt and Yamada 2003;MacNeil et al 2003;deRivera et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, an invader that is a superior competitor at one site may be an inferior competitor at other sites, depending on whether the physicochemical conditions optimal to the invader differ from those optimal to its competitors (Dunson and Travis 1991;Hunt and Yamada 2003;deRivera et al 2005). For example, water quality parameters such as conductivity (specific conductance) have been recently shown to mediate the outcome of invasions by freshwater crustaceans in Europe (Dick and Platvoet 1996;MacNeil et al 2003MacNeil et al , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Environmental heterogeneity limits the local dominance of an invasive freshwater crustacean

Kestrup

Ricciardi

2009

Biol Invasions

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The impacts of an exotic species may vary along environmental gradients. We tested the hypothesis that site-specific heterogeneity in the physico-chemical environment alters the dominance of two competing amphipods: Gammarus fasciatus, the dominant native species in the upper St. Lawrence River, and Echinogammarus ischnus, a euryhaline Ponto-Caspian species that invaded the river in the late 1990s. E. ischnus has replaced G. fasciatus as the dominant amphipod at some sites, while remaining inferior at other sites-even several years after invasion. We tested the effect of water chemistry (conductivity) on the outcome of interactions between these two species in the laboratory and in the river in 2006 and 2007. Field experiments involved transplanting both species to different sites along a gradient of conductivity within the river, whereas the laboratory experiments examined interspecific predation in water collected from these sites. The laboratory experiments revealed that these species are mutual predators and their rate of predation on each other varies with conductivity; E. ischnus is the dominant predator at higher conductivity, while G. fasciatus dominates at lower conductivity. The field experiments showed interannual variation, but supported the lab results at high conductivity in 2006 and at low conductivity in 2007. E. ischnus was more sensitive than G. fasciatus to variation in conductivity, which apparently mediates this invader's ability to replace or dominate the native species in a heterogeneous environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Environmental heterogeneity limits the local dominance of an invasive freshwater crustacean

Kestrup

Ricciardi

2009

Biol Invasions

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“…In addition, human disturbances may prevent strong interspecific competition by native species. Competitive stress between native and invasive species is strongly influenced by local environmental circumstances, such as type of substratum, water temperature, salinity, current velocity and habitat heterogeneity (MacNeil et al 2001(MacNeil et al , 2003(MacNeil et al , 2004Wijnhoven et al 2003;Palmer and Ricciardi 2004;MacNeil and Platvoet 2005;Kestrup and Ricciardi 2009;Van Riel et al 2009). The ongoing rise in water temperature in the river Rhine due to thermal pollution and global warming will also affect the establishment success of non-indigenous species and interspecific competition (Leuven et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

et al. 2009

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The river Rhine is heavily influenced by human activities and suffers from a series of environmental constraints which hamper a complete recovery of biodiversity. These constraints comprise intensive navigation and habitat modification by hydraulic engineering. Improving water quality while these constraints remain in place has led to increased colonization by aquatic invasive species. This tendency has been accelerated by the construction of canals connecting river basins. Over the last two centuries, the total surface area of river catchments connected to the river Rhine via inland waterways has been increased by a factor 21.6. Six principal invasion corridors for aquatic species to the river Rhine are discerned. The extensive network of inland waterways has allowed macroinvertebrate species from different bio-geographical regions to mix, changing communities, affecting the food webs and forming new constraints on the recovery of the native biodiversity. From the eighteenth century onward, in the freshwater sections of the river Rhine, a total of 45 non-indigenous macroinvertebrate species have been recorded. The average number of invasions per decade shows a sharp increase from\1 to 13 species. Currently, the contribution of non-indigenous species to the total species richness of macroinvertebrates in the river Rhine is 11.3%. The Delta Rhine and Upper Rhine exhibit higher numbers of non-indigenous species than other river sections, because the sea ports in the Delta Rhine and the Main-Danube canal function as invasion gateways. Important donor areas are the Ponto-Caspian area and North America (44.4 and 26.7% of the non-indigenous macroinvertebrate species, respectively). Transport via shipping and 123Biol Invasions ( ) 11:1989( -2008( DOI 10.1007 dispersal via man made waterways are the most important dispersal vectors. Intentional and unintentional introductions are highest for the period 1950-1992. The cumulative number of non-indigenous species in time is significantly correlated with the increase in total surface area of other river catchments connected to the river Rhine by means of networks of canals. The species richness of non-indigenous macroinvertebrates is strongly dominated by crustaceans and molluscs. Invasive species often tolerate higher salt content, temperature, organic pollution and current flow than native species. Spatiotemporal analyses of distribution patterns reveal that average and maximum dispersal rates of six invasive species vary between 44-112 and 137-461 km year -1 , respectively. Species arriving in upstream sections first show a shorter time lag between colonisation of the Delta and Upper Rhine than species initially arriving in downstream areas. Temporal analyses of macroinvertebrate assemblages in the littoral zones indicate that native species are displaced by nonindigenous species. However, established non-indigenous species are also displaced by more recent mass invaders.

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“…In this paper, we use the term competition more broadly, defining it as a situation in which species use overlapping resources and may thus compete, regardless of differences in tactics of resource acquisition. An extreme form of encounter competition is intraguild predation (IGP), i.e., the killing and eating of species that use similar resources and are thus potential competitors (Polis et al 1989), which has frequently been observed for gammarideans (Dick 1996;Dick et al 1993;MacNeil et al 2003). IGP may affect the distribution, population size, stability and resilience of species, reduce potential competition and promote the occurrence of alternative stable states (Polis et al 1989;Dick and Platvoet 2000;Dick et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference competition between alien invasive gammaridean species

2009

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The relative abundances of gammaridean species in the river Rhine have profoundly changed since the invasion of Dikerogammarus villosus in 1994/1995. This study tested whether these changes in gammaridean dominance could have been determined by interspecific competition and unequal mortality, for example by intraguild predation (IGP). Single and two species tests have been carried out in aquariums provided with all substrata present in the main channel of the Rhine. Changes in substratum choice, increased swimming activity and increased mortality of a species were used as indicators of interspecific competition during interaction between gammaridean species. Interspecific competition and mortality between the most abundant invasive gammaridean species in the Rhine, viz. Gammarus tigrinus, Echinogammarus ischnus andDikerogammarus villosus were tested. In singlespecies experiments, G. tigrinus and D. villosus showed similar preferences for a stony substratum, whereas E. ischnus mostly occupied the water column. The two-species aquarium experiments indicated direct interference competition for substratum and unequal mortality between G. tigrinus and D. villosus, with D. villosus being the stronger competitor. Competitive stress was influenced by population density, was size-dependent and varied between the different types of substratum due to substratum choice. G. tigrinus did not show any behaviour indicative of interference competition in the presence of E. ischnus, and neither did E. ischnus or D. villosus in the presence of any of the other gammarideans. Swimming in the water layer may already enable E. ischnus to minimise its encounters with the stone-dwelling D. villosus and G. tigrinus. To maximise the encounters between E. ischnus and D. villosus, a fish (Lepomis gibbosus) was added to occupy the water layer during the aquarium experiments. E. ischnus showed a higher mortality in the presence of both D. villosus and fish, probably due to increased stress, as shelter opportunities to escape the predators had been minimised. The study shows that interference competition between gammaridean species can explain the replacement of the North American invader G. tigrinus by D. villosus in the river Rhine. E. ischnus and D. villosus both PontoCaspian invaders did not show interference competition in our experiments and co-exist in the Rhine.

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Differential physico-chemical tolerances and intraguild predation among native and invasive amphipods (Crustacea); a field study

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental heterogeneity limits the local dominance of an invasive freshwater crustacean

Environmental heterogeneity limits the local dominance of an invasive freshwater crustacean

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

Interference competition between alien invasive gammaridean species

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