Differential patterns of morphological and molecular hybridization between <i>Fraxinus excelsior</i> L. and <i>Fraxinus angustifolia</i> Vahl (Oleaceae) in eastern and western France

Fernández-Manjarrés, Juan F.; Gérard, P.; Dufour, Jean; Raquin, Christian; Frascaria‐Lacoste, Nathalie

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.02975.x

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…1), which could have a significant impact on leaf traits. Smaller leaves in Submediterranean populations may also be a result of evolutionary adaptation to wind [31], which is particularly strong in the Mediterranean [6]. Because we could not make any conclusions about the impact of environmental factors, they should be dealt with more comprehensively, but this exceeds the purpose of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Morphological variability of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl in the north-western Balkans

et al. 2011

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Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl is a species native in the north-western Balkans, where it has a divided range. Most of its range is located in flood-prone riparian sites in the Pannonian plain but the species is also found on humid sites along some rivers in the Submediterranean region. We analysed morphologic variation within and between five populations (14 trees/population) located in the Subpannonian and Submediterranean region of Slovenia. Thirty two characters were assessed on ca. 80 leaves from each tree which were divided depending on exposure to sunlight (sun and shade leaves), and 8 traits on each fruit (ca. 50 fruits/tree). A hierarchically designed experiment using analysis of variance confirmed the significant contribution of all the analysed hierarchical levels of variation to the total variation. The results show that the differences between the trees in a single population are the greatest factor of variability of leaves, followed by differences between populations and differences which are the result of variation in exposure to sunlight. Leaves in shade positions are typically larger than those in sunny positions, and they have broader and shorter-pointed leaflets; in this feature they are very similar to the leaves of F. excelsior. Stepwise discriminant analysis showed that the traits which refer to the leaflet number and length are the best differentiating traits between individual populations. The Submediterranean population Dragonja stands out with the smallest leaves and the population Lijak from the same region is the most similar to Dragonja for most morphological traits. In general, phenotypic differences between the Subpannonian and the Submediterranean populations of F. angustifolia are minor and indistinct. Based on the differences ascertained by the study, we can only confirm the presence of F. angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa (Bieb. ex Willd.) Franco et Rocha Alfonso in this part of its natural range

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Morphological variability of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl in the north-western Balkans

et al. 2011

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“…Different types of molecular markers can inform on different spatial and temporal scales of the hybridization-introgression dynamics. Chloroplast and mtDNA have been used to describe past episodes of introgression (Palmé et al, 2004;Heuertz et al, 2006) whereas nuclear loci have been useful to infer contemporary rates of interspecific gene exchange (Lexer et al, 2005;Fernández-Manjarrés et al, 2006). However, identifying hybrid individuals in nature using molecular markers still represents an important challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hybrids in nature: application to oaks (Quercus suber and Q. ilex)

et al. 2009

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Powerful and accurate detection of first-generation (F1) hybrids and backcrosses in nature is needed to achieve a better understanding of the function and dynamics of introgression. To document the frequency of ongoing interspecific gene exchange between two Mediterranean evergreen oaks, the cork oak (Quercus suber) and the holm oak (Q. ilex), we analyzed 1487 individuals originating from across the range of the two species using eight microsatellite loci and two Bayesian clustering approaches (implemented in the programs STRUCTURE and NEWHY-BRIDS). Simulated data were used to assess the differences between the two clustering methods and to back up the choice of the threshold value for the posterior probability to discriminate admixed from pure individuals. We found that the use of STRUCTURE resulted in the highest power to detect hybrids, whereas NEWHYBRIDS provided the highest accuracy. Irrespective of the approach, the two species were clearly distinguished as independent genetic entities without any prior information. In contrast with previous reports, we found no evidence for unidirectional introgression. The overall hybridization rate was very low (o2% of introgressed individuals). Only two individuals were identified as F1 hybrids and five as early backcrosses. This work shows that the combined application of the two complementary Bayesian approaches and their systematic validation with simulations, fit for the case at hand, helps gain resolution in the identification of admixed individuals.

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“…La variabilità genetica totale è stata scomposta nelle sue componenti tra popolamenti e interna ai popolamenti. Le matrici delle distanze genetiche (Nei 1972) sono state calcolate tramite il software GENDIST 3.6 e poi utilizzate per costruire il dendrogramma UPG-MA attraverso il software NEIGHBOR 3.6 (Felsenstein 2004). Anche l'analisi delle coordinate principali è stata condotta sulle matrici delle distanze genetiche, utilizzando i pacchetti statistici DCENTER e EI-GEN del software NTSYS (Rohlf 2001).…”

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Biological, ecological and genetic aspects of Narrow leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) in the northeastern Italy

Belletti¹,

Camerano²,

Ferrazzini³

et al. 2015

Forest@

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IntroduzioneLe foreste sono soggette a numerosi fattori di stress, per la maggior parte dovuti all'azione antropica: deforestazione o gestione irrazionale, frammentazione degli habitat, introduzione di specie alloctone, ampliamento di superfici urbanizzate o destinate ad attività agricole, ecc. La situazione è resa più problematica dai cambiamenti climatici in atto, i quali pos- is an important forest tree belonging to peculiar and threatened ecosystems, where it forms mixed populations with other deciduous trees. Its range partly overlaps with that of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and interspecific cross is possible. These habitats are of the utmost importance due to their high level of biodiversity, but highly threatened by human activities. Since climate change is expected to favor the diffusion of narrow leaved ash, a study was carried out with the aim of enhancing our knowledge of the biological, ecological and genetic aspects of this species. Twelve populations of narrow leaved ash from north-eastern Italy were sampled and their genetic variability was analyzed by means of six molecular markers (nuclear microsatellites), of which 4 gave consistent and repeatable results. Overall, 113 alleles were observed, of which 38 were present in only one population (private alleles). Consistent levels of genetic variability was found (mean number of alleles per locus = 7.08, effective number of alleles per locus = 4.37, expected heterozygosity = 0.613), though lower than those reported in the literature. Fixation index was very close to zero, indicating a good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg's expectations. The genetic differentiation among populations was significant (both G ST e F ST as high as 0.102), although it was not possible to correlate the distribution of genetic variability with ecological or geographical factors. Genetic pools of F. excelsior and F. angustifolia were distinct, though several individuals showed intermediate genetic characteristics, especially in the population from Grotta di Farra where both species are present and many individuals showed intermediate morphological features. The presence of individuals possibly originated by interspecific cross should be taken into account in the case of seed collection. Our results may contribute to a rationale management of genetic resources of narrow leaved ash, also considering the current legislation on forest reproductive material.

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Differential patterns of morphological and molecular hybridization between Fraxinus excelsior L. and Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl (Oleaceae) in eastern and western France

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Morphological variability of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl in the north-western Balkans

Morphological variability of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl in the north-western Balkans

Detection of hybrids in nature: application to oaks (Quercus suber and Q. ilex)

Biological, ecological and genetic aspects of Narrow leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) in the northeastern Italy

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