Differential pathways into smoking among sexual orientation and social class groups in England: A structural equation model

Davies, Megan; Lewis, Nathaniel M.; Moon, Graham

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.012

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, where evidence does exist, this overwhelmingly suggests that higher levels of pre-existing health conditions compared to cisgender and heterosexual populations, may place the LGBTQ+ community at additional risk of adverse prognosis. This includes long-term chronic illness, and higher rates of smoking and asthma among LGBTQ+ people [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]; higher rates of obesity, and alcohol consumption among lesbian, bisexual, and queer women [7 9 10]; and increased likelihood of being immunocompromised (e.g. HIV+ with a low CD4 cell count or with untreated HIV) among gay men and transgender people [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mental health and experiences of discrimination of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial findings from the Queerantine Study

Kneale

Bécares

2020

Preprint

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Objective: To assess mental health status and experiences of discrimination among a sample of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer people (LGBTQ+, the + including those who don't identify with any such label) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional web-based survey. Setting: Responses were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic between April 27th and July 13th. Participants: 398 LGBTQ+ respondents forming an analytical sample of 310 in the main models. Methods: We used a combined measure of gender identity or expression and sexual orientation as the main explanatory variable. We assessed mental health with the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), and with the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D-10). We measured experiences of discrimination with a battery of questions that asked respondents whether they had experienced a set of discriminatory experiences because of their LGBTQ+ identity during the coronavirus pandemic. Experiences of discrimination was considered a mediating factor and examined both as an outcome as well as an explanatory variable. Models were adjusted for a range of demographic and socioeconomic variables. Results: The prevalence of depression and stress were both high, with the majority of the sample exhibiting significant depressive symptomology (69%). Around one-in-six respondents reported some form of discrimination since the start of the pandemic because they were LGBTQ+ (16.7%). In regression models, the average score for perceived stress increased by 1.44 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.517-2.354) for those who had experienced an instance of homophobic or transphobic harassment, compared to respondents who had not. Similarly, the odds of exhibiting significant depressive symptomology (CES-D-10 scores of 10 or more) increased three-fold among those who had experienced harassment based on their gender or sexuality compared to those who had not (OR: 3.251; 95% CI: 1.168-9.052). These marked associations remained after adjustment for a number of socioeconomic and demographic covariates. Cis-female respondents who identify as gay or lesbian had the lowest scores for perceived social or depressive symptoms; conversely transgender and gender diverse individuals had the highest scores. Conclusions: We found high levels of stress and depressive symptoms, particularly among younger and transgender and gender diverse respondents. These associations were partially explained by experiences of discrimination which had a large, consistent and pernicious impact on stress and mental health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mental health and experiences of discrimination of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial findings from the Queerantine Study

Kneale

Bécares

2020

Preprint

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“…It was observed that symptoms of depression and lower mental wellbeing (psychosocial aspects) were directly associated with an increased consumption of cigarettes. 25 Peer smoking behavior and delinquent behaviors also directly predicted adolescent smoking, indicating the problem behavior theory as a useful and multidimensional way of examining adolescent smoking. 26 Furthermore, socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals smoked more cigarettes daily, corroborating with the materialist theory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies support our results indicating different pathways that could lead to smoking in adolescents and adults. 25,26 Those researches included different factors from psychosocial, behavioral, and materialistic theories in the analysis. It was observed that symptoms of depression and lower mental wellbeing (psychosocial aspects) were directly associated with an increased consumption of cigarettes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does bullying due to oral conditions influence cigarette smoking in adolescents? A structural equation modeling

BRONDANI,

KNORST,

AGOSTINI

et al. 2023

Braz. oral res.

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This study aimed to explore the pathways that can influence cigarette smoking among adolescents. This population-based cohort followed a random sample of 12-year-old adolescents from southern Brazil for 6 years. Regular cigarette smoking was assessed through a self-reported question, previously used in the Brazilian National Survey of Scholar Health. We also gathered data on bullying, dental caries at baseline, incidence of caries, sex, friend network, and Sense of Coherence (SOC). Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were also collected. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the pathways. Of the 1,134 adolescents examined at baseline, 768 were re-evaluated (67.7% retention rate). The prevalence of smoking was 37.6%. This prevalence was directly affected by low SOC (SC: -0.14, p < 0.01), low household income (SC: -0.12, p < 0.01), and male sex (SC: 0.15, p < 0.01). Presence of dental caries at baseline indirectly influenced the occurrence of dental bullying at follow-up via the incidence of dental caries (SC: 0.01, p < 0.05). Dental bullying indirectly influenced cigarettes consumption via SOC (SC: 0.62, p < 0.05). Friend network also indirectly influenced the consumption of cigarettes via SOC (SC: 0.32, p < 0.05). Psychosocial factors influence adolescent cigarette consumption through its higher direct and indirect effects (via bullying). In addition, behavioral, sociodemographic, and clinical factors also influence the occurrence of smoking.

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“…Both surveys ask detailed questions about smoking and tobacco use, including different types of smoking behaviours, amount smoked, frequency and cessation, such as motivation to quit. Compared with other surveys, this level of detail could be used to explore sexuality and smoking behaviours in greater detail or with a specific aspect of smoking rather than looking solely at smoking prevalence amongst LGB populations [18]. Alcohol use was addressed in similar detail, including frequency, type of alcohol consumed and questions to assess the level of drinking.…”

Section: Health Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Office for National Statistics (ONS) recently published a report about sexuality data available in the UK, the majority of which come from administrative data that might be difficult to access for researchers [17]. Only a few social surveys were included that can be used for sexuality research, despite research in the last decade using surveys that were not included in the ONS report [18,19]. Similarly in 2017 Public Health England (PHE) produced a report with UK estimates of the LGB population size from survey data [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the LGB Data Landscape: A Review of Appropriate Secondary Data Sources for Sexuality and Substance Use Research in the UK

Davies¹,

Moon

Sabel

2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Research has found that sexual minority individuals are more likely to experience health inequalities and have higher rates of substance use compared with their heterosexual counterparts. This association between sexuality and health outcomes is increasingly being explored using quantitative methodologies within the context of public health, psychology and health geography. Much of this research, however, has relied on primary data, despite the wide availability of secondary sources, mainly survey data, collecting information on sexuality and different types of health outcomes and health risk behaviours, such as substance use. This study reviewed recent surveys in the UK that are appropriate for exploring topics related to LGB populations and substance use behaviours. We carried out a narrative review of secondary data sources in the UK to assess the accessibility and suitability of secondary sources for sexuality and substance use research. We identified eight cross-sectional and two longitudinal surveys that contained both sexuality and substance use data. We summarised the possible applications of each survey and the scope of questions within sexuality and substance use research that could be addressed by each survey. The identification of appropriate surveys in this review can allow researchers to extend the use of secondary data sources in the UK to examine substance use inequalities between sexuality groups, further advancing this key topic.

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Differential pathways into smoking among sexual orientation and social class groups in England: A structural equation model

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

The mental health and experiences of discrimination of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial findings from the Queerantine Study

The mental health and experiences of discrimination of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial findings from the Queerantine Study

Does bullying due to oral conditions influence cigarette smoking in adolescents? A structural equation modeling

Navigating the LGB Data Landscape: A Review of Appropriate Secondary Data Sources for Sexuality and Substance Use Research in the UK

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