Differential mosquito attraction to humans is associated with skin-derived carboxylic acid levels

Obaldia, Maria Elena De; Morita, Takeshi; Dedmon, Laura C.; Boehmler, Daniel J.; Jiang, Caroline S.; Zeledon, Emely V; Cross, Justin R.; Vosshall, Leslie B.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.034

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…gambiae towards humans. A large number of previous studies profiling human-derived volatiles as candidate mosquito attractants or repellents commonly use contact-based sampling methods biased towards less volatile compounds, such as glass beads rubbed across the hands or feet 22, 66, 67 or absorbent materials pressed against the skin 37, 68 that are subsequently extracted for analysis; in contrast likely representing important classes of molecules for close-range olfactory and gustatory attraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently in a study examining the attractiveness of arm odor from different humans to Ae. aegypti , De Obaldia et al found using contact-based sampling that highly attractive individuals had higher abundances of a number of medium and long-chain carboxylic acids (C 10 -C 20 ) 37 . We observed similar trends in our study using air sampling, with the exception that we detected more highly volatile carboxylic acids (C 2 -C 10 ), with these being more or less abundant in whole body odor of human subjects at both ends of the attractiveness spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing behavioral assays to quantify mosquito host preference commonly rely on the use of two or three choice assays with entry or exit traps, or employ decoy traps or electrocution traps whereby mosquitoes are collected onto adhesive surfaces or electrocution grids for quantification 5,13,18,20,37,[42][43][44] . However, whilst highly useful for field-based surveillance activities or small-scale semi-field assays to measure mosquito host preference, these are inherently by design end-point assays, and currently do not facilitate temporal quantification of mosquito landing preferences during host-choice assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A semi-field system for quantifyingAnopheles gambiaeattraction to human scent

Giraldo

Rankin‐Turner

Corver

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Variability in the chemical composition of human scent has the potential to modulate mosquito attraction to certain humans. We have engineered a large-scale, semi-field system in Zambia for quantifying mosquito olfactory preferences towards whole body odor sourced from different humans under naturalistic conditions. In a flight cage arena with infrared tracking, we document that the African malaria mosquitoAnopheles gambiaehierarchically prefers to land on heated targets mimicking human skin temperature when they are baited with carbon dioxide (CO2) over background air, human body odor over CO2, and the scent of one individual over another. In a six-choice assay configuration, we further identify humans at both ends of the attractiveness spectrum whose scent is differentially attractive toAn. gambiaerelative to other individuals. We demonstrate integrative use of this multi-choice olfactory assay with whole body volatilomics, establishing a powerful method for discovery of human odorants modulating heterogeneity in biting risk at enhanced throughput.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A semi-field system for quantifyingAnopheles gambiaeattraction to human scent

Giraldo

Rankin‐Turner

Corver

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The largest gene families of receptors involved in olfaction are Odorant Receptors (ORs), Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), and Gustatory Receptors (GRs). Current research focuses on the functional analysis of these receptors and creation of mutant mosquitoes targeting individual subunits or chemosensory co-receptors in order to determine their role in mosquito host-searching behavior [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among those tools are CRISPR/Cas9 24 , the Q-system of binary expression [25][26][27] , and Homology Assisted CRISPR Knock-in (HACK) 28 . These tools have enabled the creation of Drosophila and mosquito lines with new transgenes and targeted mutations (both knock-in and knock-out), shedding light on the neuronal bases of insect chemosensory-guided behaviors 13,16,23,28,29 . Yet, genetic reagents that target individual mosquito chemoreceptor genes provide only a glimpse of the complexity of the mosquito chemosensory system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurogenetic identification of mosquito sensory neurons

Konopka

Task

Poinapen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Anopheles mosquitoes, as vectors for the malaria parasite, are a global threat to human health. To find and bite a human, they utilize neurons within their sensory appendages. However, the identity and quantification of sensory appendage neurons are lacking. Here we use a neurogenetic approach to label all neurons in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes. We utilize the Homology Assisted CRISPR Knock-in (HACK) approach to generate a T2A-QF2w knock-in of the synaptic gene bruchpilot. We use a membrane-targeted GFP reporter to visualize the neurons in the brain and to quantify neurons in all major chemosensory appendages (antenna, maxillary palp, labella, tarsi). By comparing labeling of brp>GFP and Orco>GFP mosquitoes, we predict the extent of neurons expressing Ionotropic Receptors or other chemosensory receptors. This work introduces a valuable genetic tool for the functional analysis of Anopheles mosquito neurobiology and initiates characterization of the sensory neurons that guide mosquito behavior.

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The complexities of blood‐feeding patterns in mosquitoes and sandflies and the burden of disease: A minireview

Bursali,

Touray

2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Mosquitoes and sandflies exhibit a wide range of blood feeding patterns, targeting a wide range of vertebrate species, including birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, for proteins vital for egg development. This broad host range increases the opportunity for them to acquire pathogens of numerous debilitating‐and‐fatal diseases from various animal reservoirs, playing a significant role in disease crossover between animals and humans, also known as zoonotic transmission. This review focuses on the intricate blood‐feeding habits of these dipteran vectors, their sensory systems and the complex dance between host and pathogen during disease transmission. We delve into the influence of blood sources on pathogen spread by examining the insect immune response and its intricate interplay with pathogens. The remarkable sense of smell guiding them towards food sources and hosts is explored, highlighting the interplay of multiple sensory cues in their navigation. Finally, we examine the challenges in mosquito control strategies and explore innovations in this field, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions to combat this global health threat. By understanding the biology and behaviour of these insects, we can develop more effective strategies to protect ourselves and mitigate the burden of vector‐borne diseases.

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Differential mosquito attraction to humans is associated with skin-derived carboxylic acid levels

Cited by 59 publications

References 81 publications

A semi-field system for quantifyingAnopheles gambiaeattraction to human scent

A semi-field system for quantifyingAnopheles gambiaeattraction to human scent

Neurogenetic identification of mosquito sensory neurons

The complexities of blood‐feeding patterns in mosquitoes and sandflies and the burden of disease: A minireview

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